Download Renaissance Notes for kids Part 1

The Renaissance Part I
I.
The Italian Renaissance
A. Main Idea
1. In ________ the growth of wealthy trading cities and new ways
of thinking helped lead to a __________ of the arts and learning.
This era became known as the Renaissance.
B. The Beginning of the Renaissance
1. 1300, __________ Death, starvation, warfare had overtaken
Europe - catastrophic events, enormous loss of ________ may
have led to changes of the 1300s.
2. Decrease in ________________ led to: increase in food
production, decline in food prices, more money to spend, and
specialization in products.
3. __________ areas specialized, particularly in Italy - divided into
several large __________________ in north, various kingdoms,
Papal States south.
4. Catholic Church, _________, merchants, __________ dominated
society in city-states - many sought to display new ___________
with knowledge of ________.
C. Renaissance Ideas
1. This period of interest and developments in art, literature, science
and learning is known as the __________________, French for
“rebirth.”
2. Venetian ships carried goods for trade and __________ scholars
seeking refuge - scholars brought ancient works thought to be
lost.
3. Italians who could ________ looked for more information - read
__________ translations of original texts - searched libraries,
found lost texts.
4. As they read, began to think about ______________, art, ______
in different ways - began to believe in __________ capacity to
create, achieve.
D. Humanism
1. ___________ education gave way to classics: rhetoric, grammar,
poetry, history, Latin, Greek - subjects came to be known as
____________, movement they inspired known as ___________.
2. Humanists emphasized ______________ accomplishment.
3. Historians believe Renaissance began with two humanists who
lived after Dante—Giovanni _______________, Francesco ____
- both wrote literature in ____________ language not Latin.
E. Secular Writers
1. Early ________ life in Italy seemed insecure, precarious - _____
no longer served as source of stability, peace.
2. Form of humanism developed from Petrarch’s ideas; focus was
____________, was ____________ rather than spiritual.
F.
G.
H.
I.
3. Humanists argued that individual ________________, education
could be fully expressed only if people used talents, abilities in
service of ________.
4. Ideal Renaissance man came to be “______________________,”
accomplished in ____________, but also man of ____________,
who could respond to all situations.
Examples of Renaissance Men
1. Italian diplomat Baldassare Castiglione wrote book, __________
- described how perfect Renaissance gentleman, gentlewoman
should ______.
2. Philosopher, statesman Niccolò _________________ also wrote
influential book: _________________.
3. Machiavellian advice seemed to encourage _________ treatment
of citizens, rival _________.
4. Advises rulers to separate __________ from politics; theory that
“the ________ justifies the __________” deviated from accepted
views of correct behavior
5. Idea that ________ an entity in itself, separate from its _______,
became foundation for later ____________ philosophy.
Science of the Renaissance
1. Focus of Renaissance on human sciences, __________, politics,
geography, and ____________ world.
2. __________ soon became important avenue of inquiry - _______
teachings about world were challenged, particularly that _______
center of universe.
3. Nicholas ________________ said ______ was center of universe
- ____________ Galilei arrested by church officials for saying
Earth _____________ Sun.
Renaissance Art
1. The arts a reflection of the new ____________ spirit Renaissance artists depicted what they observed in __________.
2. Renaissance artists worked for whoever offered them highest ___
- buyers of art, patrons, might be wealthy individuals, city
governments, or church.
3. Wealthy individuals competed, displaying wealth, ___________
through purchase of artworks; Florence, Lorenzo de _________;
Milan, ruling __________ family.
4. Renaissance artists wanted to paint the natural world as _______
as possible.
Styles and Techniques
1. Studied ______________, represented three-dimensional objects.
2. Experimented with using ________ to portray shapes, textures.
3. Subject matter changed; artists began to paint, sculpt scenes from
________, ____________ ________.
4. Religious paintings focused on ________________.
5. Humanist interest in classical learning, ____________ nature.
6. Building design reflected humanist reverence for Greek, Roman
culture – classical architecture.
J. Artists
1. Leonardo ________________: was an Italian polymath, scientist,
mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, painter, sculptor,
architect, botanist, musician and writer.
2. Wrote out ideas, filling ___________ pages of notes; best known
for the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.
3. ___________________: studied anatomy; best known for Pieta,
David, and painting the ceiling of the _____________________.
4. _______________: renowned painter, accomplished architect most famous work, ________________________, __________
— painting made on fresh, moist plaster.
5. Renaissance architecture reached height with work of Donato __
- design for _____________________________ influenced
appearance of many smaller churches.