Download The Practice of Statistics

The Practice of Statistics - Starnes, Tabor, Yates & Moore
Chapter 1: Exploring Data
Key Vocabulary:
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individuals
variables
categorical variable
quantitative variable
distribution
range
spread
frequency
outlier
center
shape
skewed left
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bimodal
skewed right
symmetric
dot plot
histogram
stemplot
split stems
back-to-back stemplot
mean
Σ
x
nonresistant
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median
resistant
quartiles
Q1, Q3
IQR
five-number summary
minimum
maximum
boxplot
modified boxplot
standard deviation
variance
1. In statistics, what is meant by individuals?
2. In statistics, what is meant by a variable?
3. What is the difference between a categorical variable and a quantitative variable?
4. What is meant by exploratory data analysis? (How do you explore data?)
5. What is meant by a distribution?
6. When is it useful to use a bar graph?
7. When is it useful to use a pie chart?
Chapter 1: Exploring Data
The Practice of Statistics - Starnes, Tabor, Yates & Moore
8. What are some things to look for in graphs to determine if they are good or bad?
9. When is it useful to use a two-way table?
10. What is meant by a marginal distribution?
11. What is meant by a conditional distribution?
12. What is meant by an association between two variables?
13. How do we describe the overall pattern of a distribution?
14. Define outlier.
15. If a distribution is symmetric, what does it look like?
16. If a distribution is skewed right, what does it look like?
17. If a distribution is skewed left, what does it look like?
18. If a distribution is bimodal, what does it look like?
19. When is it better to use a histogram rather than a dotplot?
20. What is meant by frequency in a histogram?
Chapter 1: Exploring Data
The Practice of Statistics - Starnes, Tabor, Yates & Moore
21. What is meant by relative frequency in a histogram?
22. What is the difference between a bar graph and a histogram?
23. When setting a window for constructing a histogram on the TI-84+:
a. What is the significance of Xscl?
b. How do you choose the values of Xmin and Xmax?
c. What is the significance of Ymax?
24. How is the stemplot of a distribution related to its histogram?
25. When is it advantageous to split stems on a stemplot?
26. What is the purpose of a back-to-back stemplot?
27. In statistics, what is the most common measurement of center?
28. Explain how to calculate the mean, x .
29. Explain how to calculate the median, M.
30. Explain why the median is resistant to extreme observations, but the mean is nonresistant.
31. In statistics, what is meant by spread?
Chapter 1: Exploring Data
The Practice of Statistics - Starnes, Tabor, Yates & Moore
32. Explain how to calculate Q1 and Q3.
33. What does the 1.5 x IQR rule find?
34. What is the five-number summary?
35. What does standard deviation measure?
36. What is the relationship between variance and standard deviation?
37. When does standard deviation equal zero?
38. Is standard deviation resistant or nonresistant to extreme observations? Explain.
39. When is it better to use median and IQR to describe a distribution (as opposed to mean and
standard deviation)?
40. What is the 4-step process?
Chapter 1: Exploring Data