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Reference Guide to Music Literacy National 4 Treble Clef Notes Repetition Sequence A sequence is a melodic phrase which is immediately played at a higher or lower pitch. Here is an example of a descending sequence: Rhythm Barlines and Double Barlines Repeat Signs A repeat sign played again. means that a section of music should be Time Signatures A time signature shows the total number of beats in a bar. 2 4 3 4 4 4 are all simple time signatures The top number tells you how many beats are in a bar. The bottom number tells you what kind of beat. For example, 4 means there are 4 quarter beats (Crotchets) in a bar. 4 Dynamics Tempo Staccato Staccato notes are short and detached. Here is how to indicate when you want a note played staccato. Reference Guide to Music Literacy National 5 Note Values 1st and 2nd Time Bars See example below: More Dynamics Accidentals Sharp Flat Natural Accidentals Continued…. Semitones and Tones A semitone is the smallest distance between two notes. On a keyboard there is a semitone between any two notes that are next to each other. You will see on the keyboard that C to C# is a semitone. E to F is also a semitone, as is B to C. A tone is the distance of two semitones. There is a tone between C and D. E to F# is also a tone, as is B to C#. Scales Key Signatures A key signature tells you that certain notes have a # or Chords Chords Continued….. Write the chord notes in the boxes: