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World War II 59. What is a totalitarian government? A totalitarian government is a political system in which the government controls every aspect of the citizen’s lives. 60. What 4 totalitarian governments rose to power before WW II, and who were their leaders? One totalitarian government is Joseph Stalin in Russia. A second one is Hitler in Germany. A third is Benito Mussolini in Italy. The fourth were a group a military leaders in Japan. 61. Name 3 things that Hitler did at the start of the war: Three things that Hitler did at the start of the war were 1. he violated the Treaty of Versailles, 2. He rebuilt the German military, and 3. he invaded neighboring Rhineland in 1936. 62. What is appeasement? Appeasement is the policy of avoiding war with an aggressive nation by giving in to its demands. 63. Who are Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill, what country are they from, and what did they do in the war? Franklin Roosevelt was the president of the United States at the time of the war. He tried to keep America out of the war overseas, but was forced to take action when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. Winston Churchill was the prime minister of Great Britain (England), and he was involved in leading England into the war when Germany started to take over the European mainland, which were Great Britain's allies. 64. What is a blitzkrieg? The blitzkrieg is a strategy of quick and hard air attacks. 65.What is the Luftwaffe? The Luftwaffe was the German air force, that was bombing the allies in the war. 66. Name 3 details about the attack on Pearl Harbor: The attack on Pearl Harbor was 1. a large scale attack on the Hawaiian US by the Japanese, 2. the Japanese were able to crippled many US Battleships, 3. happened on Sunday morning, Dec. 7, 1941, 4. and was the event the lead the United States into the war. 67. Name the 3 main areas where the war took place: The 3 main areas or arenas that the war took place are Europe, North Africa, and the Pacific. 68. What were the war preparations of the US businesses, soldiers, government, and civilians? The war preparations for the businesses were to increase production and work more hours. The soldiers needed to be drafted and trained. The government needed to convert factories for war production and increase taxes. The civilians needed to collect scrap metal and learn to use less. 69. Who were the Tuskegee Airmen? The Tuskegee Airmen were a group of successful African American war pilots. 70. What were 3 new weapons used in WW II? Three new weapons of war in World War II were sonar, sound waves under water, and long-range aircraft, and atomic bombs. 71. What happened in the North Africa part of the war? The German troops were taking over North Africa so they could control the Mediterranean Sea, but the allied troops, led by the British, stopped the Germans and retook the lost territory. 72. What happened on the Eastern European front part of the war? The Germans forces were advancing into Russia, and fought in the Battle of Stalingrad. While there, their supplies were low, and winter set it, and many Germans died of were forced to surrender. 73.What was D-Day and describe what happened: D-Day was the day meaning “designated day,” where the allied troops invaded onto the beaches of France from Great Britain, to start to retake Europe back from the Germans. The Allies were able to secure all 5 beaches, and started moving east towards Germany. 74. Describe some events that happened with the war in Philippines: By 1942, the Japanese had taken over the Philippines. As a part of retaking back the Pacific in 1944, Gen MacArthur led troops to retake Philippines. 75. Describe the major details in the war in the Pacific: The Japanese was trying to take over the Pacific countries. They had even attacked the U.S. in Hawaii. But within a few years later, the U.S. redeveloped their Pacific forces, and with their allies came back to free the Pacific area from Japanese control. Their main strategy was island hopping, where they strategically took only the most important islands. Japan itself refuse to surrender, until the allies had dropped two atomic bombs on two of their large cities. 76. What was the Battle of the Bulge? After the U.S. entered the war, the Allied forces were taking back Europe from the Germans. The Germans planed a desperate attack to keep their new land, and managed to push the Allied forces back in one area about 65 miles, soon called the Battle of the Bulge. However, the Allies recovered quickly and stopped the German advance. 77. What happened to stop the German advance and eventually win the war? The Americans joined the war with fresh troops and more supplies. The tired Germans were not able to win against the renewed Allied forces. 78. Tell about the holocaust and genocide: Genocide is the extermination of an entire group of people. The Nazis had it as their goal to get rid of all the Jews. Their program of mass murder was later called the Holocaust. 79. Give 3 reasons why the American use the atomic bombs in the Pacific: The atomic bomb was used 1. to use the most powerful weapon of the time, 2. to force the Japanese to surrender, and 3. to save the Americans from further ground combat and lost of lives. 80. Give 2 ideas of Christian perspective about World War II: 1. God wants us to love others, even our enemies. We must do our best to find peaceful solutions to try to prevent or solve war. Organizations like the United Nations are trying to do this. 2. If we are involved in a war, the New Testament still asks us to be loving and peaceful. We must do our best to preserve lives and protect innocent families and children. We must question the use of weapons of mass destruction, and never use them as the first line of attack.