Download 2008-2-B

Shandong University School of Medicine
Year 2010 -2011 Semester 2
January, 2011
Test Paper of Pharmacology 2 (B)
No.
I
II
III
Marks
Marker
Points
Part I
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Part Ⅰ Single Choice Questions （50 points）
1. Which one of the following aggravates a digitalis induced arrhythmia?
A. Decreased serum calcium
B. Decreasing heart rate with propranolol
C. Decreased serum sodium
D. Decreased serum potassium
E. Decreased serum angiotensin Ⅱ
2. Which one of the following is the most serious main side effect of statins and this
effect would be increased if a statin is taken with ciclosporin, gemfibrozil or nicotinic
acid.
A. Gastrointestinal problems
B. Rhabdomyolysis
C. Elevated blood pressure
D. Migraine headaches
E. palpitations
3. The mechanism of anti-hypertensive effect of losartan is:
A. decrement of renin activity
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B. inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme
C. blockade of the angiotensin Ⅱreceptors
D. increment of bradykinin synthesis
E. causing vasodilation directly
4. Captopril can do all of the following EXCEPT
A. inhibiting ACE
B. causing dry cough
C. inhibit the formation of angiotensin Ⅱ
D. promote the excretion potassium
E. increase bradykinin concentration in the blood
5. Which of the following drugs is not suitable to treat the patient with angina pectoris
accompanied with asthma?
A. Nifedipine
B. Propranolol
C. Nitroglycerin
D. Verapamil
E. Isosorbide dinitrate
6. Which of the following statements about the treatment of chronic heart failure is
wrong?
A. Patients with evidence of fluid retention should receive a diuretic.
B. Treatment with an ACE inhibitor and a β-R blocker should be initiated and
maintained unless specifically contraindicated.
C. Digoxin may be added if needed to reduce symptoms or to slow the ventricular
repsonse in patients with rapid atrial fibrillation.
D. Patients with severe heart failure should also receive a β-R blocker
E. Spironolactone may reduce mortality in patients with severe heart failure
7. The therapeutic action of β-adrenergic receptor blockers such as propranolol in
angina pectoris is believed to be primarily the result of
A. Reduced production of catecholamines
B. Dilation of the coronary vasculature
C. Decreased requirement for myocardial oxygen
D. Increased peripheral resistance
E. Increased sensitivity to catecholamines
8. A 58-year-old patient with a history of hypertension and congestive heart failure
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administrating some drugs, now he complains of nausea, blurred vision and
bradycardia, intoxication of glycoside is suspected, then digoxin is stopped, which of
the following drugs also must be stopped?
A. nifedipine
B. diazoxide
C. hydrochlorothiazide
D. prazosin
E. clonidine
9. All of the following measures can be used in the treatment of digoxin-induced
arrhythmias except
A. stopping digoxin administration
B. diuretic agents such an furosemide is used to improve excretion
C. phenytoin administration
D. atropine administration
E. lidocaine administration
10. Which of the following is not the adverse reaction of cardiac glucosides
A. anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
B. blurred vision
C. tachycardia
D. bradycardia
E. hyperkalemia
11. Which of the following symptoms is a withdrawal syndrome of glucocorticoids?
A. Induction and aggravation of infections
B. Iatrogenic adrenocortical insufficiency
C. central obesity
D. Hypertension
E. Osteoporosis
12. Among the following anti-inflammatory mechanisms of glucocorticoids, which
one can commonly be observed ?
A. Increased influx of leukocytes to the site of inflammation
B. Reduced expression of ACEI
C. Reduced capillary permeability and edema at the inflammatory site
D. Increased prostaglandin formation
E. Enhanced formation of pro-inflammatory interleukins
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13. A 60-year-old diabetic male is treated with insulin plus pioglitazone, what is the
mechanism of the latter?
A. Increased release of endogenous insulin
B. Decreased plasma glucagon levels
C. Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis
D. Increased target tissue sensitivity to insulin
E. Decreased intestinal absorption of glucose
14. Which of the following hypoglycemic drugs can inhibit α-glycosidase?
A. insulin
B. glyburide
C. pioglitazone
D. acarbose
E. metformin
15. All of the following drugs can be used in peptic ulcer except
A. Sodium bicarbonate
B. Aluminium hydroxide
C. Cimetidine
D. aminophylline
E. Sucralfate
16. Glucocorticoids can be used to treat severe bacterial infections the reason is
A. they can act as good antimicrobials
B. they are able to enhance the immunity
C. the phagocytic ability of neutrophils can be promoted by these drugs
D. they possess anti-inflammatory and antitoxic action
E. they produce a synergistic action with antibacterisl drugs
17. Which of the following drugs CANNOT inhibit platelet aggregation
Dipyridamole
Aspirin
Ticlopidine
Streptokinase
Ticlopidine
18. The best drug used in treating iron deficiency anemia is
Epo
Vitamin B12
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Iron
Folic acid
GCS
19. The drug which is useful in treatment of peptic ulcer caused by aspirin is
Al(OH)3
Misoprostol
Omeprazole
Pirenzepine
E. Cimetidine
20. The anti-asthmatic effect of Salbutamol is attributed to
inhibition of intracellular cGMP
blockade of M-receptor
activation of adenylate cyclane
stimulation of β2 receptor
inhibition of phosphodiesterase
21. The most serious adverse effect of chloramphenicol is
A. allergic reaction
B. GI tract reaction
C. aplastic anemia
D. hepatic necrosis
E. renal toxicity
22. Which of the following drugs may cause superinfections?
penicillin G
streptomycin
erythromycin
tetracycline
E. neomycin
23. Which of following drugs prevents synthesis of cell-wall, but does not belong to
β-lactam antibiotics
A. penicillin G
B. vancomycin
C. carbenicillin
D. cefaclor
E. amoxycillin
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24. All of the following antibiotics act by interfering with protein synthesis except
A. tetracycline
B. streptomycin
C. chloramphenicol
D. penicillin G
E. clindamycin
25. Which drug can treat pseudomembranous enterocolitis caused by lincomycin
A. penicillin G
B. carbenicillin
C. chloramphenicol
D. vancomycin
E. ciprofloxacin
PART Ⅱ Please explain the following pharmacological terms（20 points,4/item）
1. Post antibiotic effect
deduction
2. Chemotherapeutic index
deduction
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3. Superinfection
deduction
4. Resistance
deduction
5. Antimicrobial activity
deduction
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PART ⅢAssay Questions （30 points, 10/item）
1. Please describe the clinical uses of β-receptor antagonists.
deduction
2. Please tell the probable adverse reactions after long-time and high-dose use of
glucocorticoids?
8
deduction
3. Please describe the common adverse reactions of aminoglycosides.
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deduction
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