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Download March 2011 QUESTION 20 Describe how previous
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Transcript
March 2011 QUESTION 20 Describe how previous immunisation protects against subsequent infection Immune system Is characterised by recognition effector responses memory Is functionally divided into two interellated components innate immunity adaptive immunity Vaccine is the process of stimulating protective adaptive immune responses against pathogens it is done by introducing nonpathogenic forms or components of these pathogens this induces an immune response and creates memory of the matching epitopes Adaptive immunity humoral (in the body fluids) cell mediated both are involved in development of memory antigen introduced Recognition attaches to antigen presenting cell APC binds to CD4 T Cell via TLR - MHC 2 Effector responses Humoral response T-Cell activates B Lymphocyte is activated Cell mediated response activation of cytotoxic CD8 T Cells which bind to MHC 1 on antigenic cells Plasma cell produces immunoglobulins IgG and IgM attach to antigens instigate responses Memory memory immunoglobulins persist (IgG) memory T Cells persist Subsequent infection is characterised by a much more rapid recognition memory T cells and IgG recognise the antigen and develop a rapid and specific effector response to the antigen Christopher Andersen 2012