Download Why were Athens and Sparta important

The world and still affect us today. Ideas and
achievements of the ancient Greeks changed
The earliest Greek civilizations thrived nearly
4,000 years ago. Yet, their culture still impacts our
lives today, in the arts, in philosophy, and in
science, math, literature and politics. Ancient
Greece was split into many different states; each
one was ruled in its own way.
Philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle
formulated ideas about how the world worked. The study of
history was created by Herodotus and Thucydides. Artists
tried to find more natural and realistic ways of representing
the world. Doctors, like Hippocrates, started to look for
rational reasons for the causes of illness and disease.
Athens was an amazing place
(one of the largest city states
in Greece) because it became
rich and powerful having helped
by Attika’s valuable sources of
silver, lead and marble. Attika’s
is the largest religion. Between a quarter and a third of
Athens 300,000 population were slaves. These were men and
women captured in wars or born into slavery.
Many slaves had special skills, such as nurses and teachers,
while others had the hardest and most unpleasant work to do.
It was common for a rich household to have many slaves.
Some slaves were owned by the state. For example archers
from Scythia were used as a kind of police force.
Can you guess what these stones used to be
for?
Alexander the Great.
Alexander the Great was born in 356 B.C. in Pella, Macedonia,
the son of Philip of Macedon, who was an excellent general and
organizer. He was called 'the Great' because he conquered
more lands than anyone before him and became the overall
ruler of Greece. Alexander was born was educated by the
philosopher Aristotle. Philip was assassinated in 336 BC and
Alexander inherited a powerful yet volatile kingdom. He quickly
dealt with his enemies at home and reasserted Macedonian
power within Greece. He then set out to conquer the massive
Persian Empire
Plato (c.429-327 BC) - He was a brilliant student of Socrates
and later carried on his work. He gathered Socrates' ideas and
wrote them down in a book. Plato founded the world's first
university. He wrote down his teachings and people all over the
world, even today, study the Greek philosophers
Aristotle (382-322 BC) - discovered many things in science and
biology. He wrote books about physics, poetry, zoology, biology,
politics, governments, and more. His father was the personal
physician of the King of Macedonia. When Aristotle turned 17,
he went to Athens to study with Plato.
Parmenides - watched an eclipse of the Moon in about 470 BC,
and noticed that the Earth's shadow was curved. He worked
out that if the shadow was curved, then the Earth must be
round.
Archimedes - was a mathematician and an engineer. He
designed a machine, called the Archimedean screw, which could
make water flow uphill. His design has been used for almost
2,000 years, to take water from rivers to the fields.
Archimedes was able to tell fool's gold from real gold. He also
found that gold is equal to silver in weight.
Pythagoras - was a mathematician.