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Student Learning Outcomes Functional Anatomy of the Foot Chapter 4 After this lesson, students will be able to: identify the bony anatomy, joints, and major ligaments of the foot describe the arches of the foot and their function Bony Structure of the Foot Bony Anatomy Hindfoot Hindfoot Midfoot Forefoot Provides stability and shock absorbency at initial foot strike Lateral view Lateral view Bony Anatomy Bony Anatomy Joints Ligaments of the Hindfoot supporting the subtalar joint Subtalar interosseous talocalcaneal cervical Medial view Lateral view Lateral view Lateral view 1 Bony Anatomy Bony Anatomy Movements Movements of the Hindfoot Pronation Posterior views eversion abduction dorsiflexion Supination inversion adduction plantarflexion Talus moves on the fixed calcaneus Non-weight bearing of the Hindfoot Weight bearing Calcaneus moves on the fixed talus Superior views Bony Anatomy Bony Anatomy Midfoot Joints Provides the ability to adapt to uneven surfaces of the Midfoot Talocalcaneonavicular Cuneonavicular Cuboideonavicular Intercuneiform Cuneocuboid Calcaneocuboid Superior view Superior view Bony Anatomy Bony Anatomy Ligaments Ligaments Supporting the Midfoot each intertarsal joint supported by ligaments talocalcaneonavicular jt dorsal talonavicular bifurcate plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) Supporting the Midfoot Lateral view Lateral view calcaneocuboid jt bifurcate long plantar Medial view 2 Bony Anatomy Bony Anatomy Movements Forefoot produced by midfoot MTC (Lisfranc jt) Inter metarsals MTP Toes Superior/inferior glide between each intertarsal joint Bony Anatomy Arches of the Foot Movements Maintained of the Forefoot by 3 mechanisms Wedging of interlocking tarsal & metatarsal bones Tightening of the lig. on plantar surface Intrinsic & extrinsic muscles of the foot & their tendons Tarsometatarsal (Lisfranc) gliding Intermetatarsal gliding Metatarsophalangeal joints flexion, extension Interphalangeal flexion, extension Arches of the Foot Arches of the Foot Function as shock absorbers Medial longitudinal Formed by • • • • • Calcaneus Talus Navicular 3 cuneiforms 1-3 metatarsals Function as shock absorbers Medial longitudinal Maintained by • • • • • • • • Tib ant Tib post FDL FHL Abd hallucis FDB Plantar fascia Plantar calcaneonavicular lig 3 Arches of the Foot Arches of the Foot Function Function as shock absorbers Lateral longitudinal More stable than med Formed by • Calcaneus • Cuboid • 4-5 metatarsals as shock absorbers Lateral longitudinal Maintained by • Peroneus longus • Peroneus brevis Arches of the Foot Arches of the Foot Function Windlass as shock absorbers mechanism Transverse arch Structural Abnormalities Pes Planus Pes Cavus Structural & Functional Abnormalities Forefoot varus 4 Structural & Functional Abnormalities Structural & Functional Abnormalities rearfoot rearfoot varus valgus Questions? 5
