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Biome Collage
Biomes are climatically and geographically defined as similar climatic
conditions on the Earth, such as communities of plants, animals, and soil
organisms, and are often referred to as ecosystems. I would like to tell
you what might be found in forest biome. The distribution of these
biomes is shown on the following diagram.
There are three basic types of forest: coniferous, deciduous, and tropical
rain forest.
Coniferous forest
The temperatures are -40°C to 20°C, average summer temperature is
10°C. The precipitation is around 300 (~12 inches) to 900 millimeters
(~36 inches) of rain per year
Coniferous forests contain mainly cone-bearing plants which typically
have needles instead of leaves. Most conifers are evergreen. This type of
forest exists where winters are cold and long and there is low rainfall. We
might find trees such as spruce,
hemlock
and fir.
The soil is not very fertile. Some animals that thrive in this biome are
ermine,
the moose,
the red fox,
the snowshoe rabbit,
bobcat
porcupine
Amur tiger
and birds such as the crossbill
and the great horned owl.
Deciduous forest is in the mild temperature zone. Deciduous trees lose
their leaves in fall. The natural decaying of the fallen leaves enriches the
soil and supports all kinds of plant and animal life. The average annual
temperature in a deciduous forest is 100C. The average rainfall is 30 to 60
inches a year. The deciduous forest is a lively place,
where oak,
beech,
ash,
and maple trees are typical,
and wildflowers,
berries,
and many types of insect and animal life abound. In the U.S., the
deciduous forest is a home for deer,
American gray squirrels,
wood mice,
rabbits,
raccoons,
woodpeckers,
cardinals,
and finches.
Tropical rainforests are found in Asia, Africa, South America, Central
America, and on many of the Pacific islands. They are often found along
the equator. The tropical rain forest is a forest of tall trees in a region of
year-round warmth. An average of 125 to 660 cm (50 to 260 inches) of
rain falls yearly.
Rain forests belong to the tropical wet climate group. The temperature
in a rain forest rarely gets higher than 34 °C (93 °F) or drops below20
°C (68 °F); average humidity is between 77 and 88%; rainfall is often
more than 254 cm (100 inches) a year. There is usually a brief season
of less rain.
Tropical rainforests receive at least 70 inches of rain each year and have
more species of plants and animals than any other biome. Many of the
plants used in medicine can only be found in tropical rainforests. The
combination of heat and moisture makes this biome the perfect
environment for more than 15 million plants and animals. The thick
vegetation absorbs moisture, which then evaporates and completes the
cycle by falling again as rain.
A rainforest grows in three levels. The canopy, or tallest level, has trees
between 100 and 200 feet tall.
They block most of the sunlight from the levels below. The second level,
contains a mix of small trees, vines,
and palms
as well as shrubs
and ferns.
The third and lowest level is the forest floor, where herbs,
mosses,
and fungi grow.
Some of the animals of the tropical rainforest are the anteater,
jaguar,
brocket deer,
lemur,
orangutan,
marmoset,
macaw,
parrot,
sloth,
and toucan.
Among the many plant species are bamboo,
banana trees,
rubber trees,
and cassava.