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Changes Over Time - Darwin’s Theory Darwin’s Voyage Charles Darwin sailed on the Beagle, from England to the Galápagos Islands. Changes Over Time - Darwin’s Theory Overproduction and Variation Natural selection is the process by which individuals who are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than other members of the same species. Changes Over Time - Darwin’s Theory Competition and Selection Variations among turtles make some of them better able to survive. Turtles that survive to become adults will be able to reproduce. Changes Over Time - Darwin’s Theory Relating Cause and Effect In a graphic organizer, identify factors that cause natural selection. Causes Overproduction: More offspring are produced than can survive. Variations: Members of the same species differ. Competition: Offspring compete for survival. Selection: Some variations make individuals better fit for survival. Environmental Change: Changes can affect an individual’s survival. Genes: Genes that help determine survival are passed from parent to offspring. Effect Natural Selection Changes Over Time - Evidence of Evolution Homologous Structures The structure of the bones in a dolphin’s flipper, a bird’s wing, and a dog’s leg is similar. Homologous bones are shown in the same color. Changes Over Time - Evidence of Evolution A Branching Tree This branching tree shows how scientists now think that raccoons, lesser pandas, giant pandas, and bears are related. Changes Over Time - Evidence of Evolution Kaibab and Abert’s Squirrels These two kinds of squirrels have been isolated from one another for a long time. Eventually this isolation may result in two different species. Changes Over Time - Evidence of Evolution Identifying Supporting Evidence Evidence consists of facts that can be confirmed by testing or observation. As you read, identify the evidence that supports the theory of evolution. Write the evidence in a graphic organizer like the one below. Evidence Fossils show that organisms that lived in the past were very different from organisms alive today. Theory Evolution Patterns of early development show that some different organisms look similar during their early stages. Similar body structures in different species show that the organisms shared a common ancestor.