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Tectonic Activity and Plate Margins– in the right hand column add EXTRA case studies in the empty spaces (with thanks to D McGuinness) Plate Margin NAME Constructive (Spreading or Divergent margins) Movement of Plates Divergent: two plates moving away from each other. Tectonic Features New crust is formed from upwelling magma: mid-oceanic ridges; shield volcanoes; shallow focus earthquakes; rift valleys. Examples 1 Mid Atlantic ridge. Divergent spread of Iceland. 2…………………………………………………………… 3………………………………………………………….. Continental rift valleys Destructive (Convergent) (1) Subduction Convergent: two plates moving towards each other. 1a) Oceanic to oceanic: trenches, island arcs, explosive volcanoes, earthquakes. 1b) Oceanic to continental: trenches, fold mountains, explosive volcanoes, earthquakes. (2) Collision Conservative /Transform Passive: Two plates shearing past each other. Not at a plate boundary. Hot Spots: may be near the centre of a plate. 2) Continental to continental: fold mountains, shallow focus earthquakes. Shallow focus earthquakes. Plume volcanoes 1 Andean type: Nazca plate subducting under South American plate. 2 Himalayan type: Indian plate colliding with Eurasian plate. 3 ……………………………………………………………… 1 2 San Andreas fault: Pacific plate and North American plate. ……………………………………………………………. 1 2 3 Hawaiian islands: Emperor seamount chain. Yellowstone supervolcano. ………………………………………………………….