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Constructive and Destructive Standards Vertical Alignment – 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, High School Grade Level 2nd 3rd 5th Standard S2E3. Students will observe and record changes in their surroundings and infer the causes of the changes. a. Recognize effects that occur in a specific area caused by weather, plants, animals, and/or people. S3E1. Students will investigate the physical attributes of rocks and soils. d. Determine how water and wind can change rocks and soil over time using observation and research. S5E1. Students will identify surface features of the Earth caused by constructive and destructive processes. a. Identify surface features caused by constructive process. Deposition (Deltas, sand dunes, etc.) Earthquakes Volcanoes Faults b. Identify and find examples of surface features caused by destructive processes. Erosion (water-rivers and oceans, wind) Misconceptions/Corrections Weather is the same as climate. / Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular time and place; climate is the average weather of a place over a period of years. Rocks do not change. / Rocks are formed in a cycle and change according to conditions of the environment. The Earth has always looked exactly the way it looks now and it always will. / Earth started with one supercontinent, Pangaea. Through plate tectonics the land has moved to where it is now, and it continues to move. Volcanoes are found only in Hawaii. / Volcanoes are found in many places around the world, but most are concentrated in the Pacific area known as The Ring of Fire. Earthquakes only happen in California. / Earthquakes can happen anywhere two plates are next to each other. 6th Weathering Impact of organisms Earthquake Volcanoes 6E5. Students will investigate the scientific view of how the earth’s surface is formed. c. Describe processes that change rocks and the surface of the earth. d. Recognize that lithospheric plates constantly move and cause major geological events on the earth’s surface. e. Explain the effects of physical processes (plate tectonics, erosion, deposition, volcanic eruption, gravity) on geological features including oceans (composition, currents and tides High School Earth Science SES2. Students will understand how plate tectonics create certain geologic features, materials, and hazards. a. Distinguish among types of plate tectonic settings produced by plates diverging, converging, and sliding past each The world map is unchanging; or a major change - such as California separating from North America could happen within my lifetime. / Moving plates cause major changes in a world map over tens of millions of years. The mantle is molten everywhere; volcanoes happen whenever the crust is thin enough for magma to break through. / The mantle is solid but capable of flow (like hot asphalt or fudge). Only under special conditions (at hot spots and along plate boundaries) does the mantle or crust melt to make magma, which may then rise to the surface to make a volcanic eruption. Earthquakes are random spasms in the earth which suddenly create major crustal features. / Earthquakes represent sudden breaks in crust continuously stressed by plate movement. Gradually over time, the same movements result in major crustal features. other. b. Relate certain geologic hazards to specific plate tectonic settings.