Download Parts of the Generalized Human Cell: Functions

Parts of the Generalized Human Cell: Functions
Cell (plasma) membrane
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Forms the external barrier of the cell;
enables transport of substances into and out of the
cell;
is involved in intercellular communication; and
has receptor sites onto which bacteria, toxins
(poisons), or viruses can bind.
Microvilli increase the absorptive
capacity of the cell.
Lysosomes
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Digest substances; and
destroy harmful or useless
tissues and cells.
Peroxisomes
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Detoxify poisons.
Cytoplasm
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Serves as a fluid container for organelles;
assists in the movement of organelles and transport
within the cell;
provides an environment in which chemical
reactions can occur; and
supports and shapes the cell.
Microfilaments form part of the cell’s
“skeleton” and are involved in
mobility
Cilia
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Move together in “waves” to
propel substances across the
cell’s surface.
Flagellum
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Propels the cell.
Golgi apparatus
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Rough ER
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Form the bases of cilia and flagella and
organize the spindle during cell division.
Mitochondria
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Manufacture the cellular energy
storage molecules, ATP (adenosine
triphosphate).
Makes fats, cholesterol, and some
hormones;
stores energy;
detoxifies drugs; and
is involved in muscle cell contraction.
Ribosomes
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Make proteins.
Nucleus
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© Diagram Visual Information Ltd.
Makes the building blocks of the cell
membrane; and
helps to make, store, and deliver
proteins.
Smooth ER
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Centrioles
Prepares and delivers proteins for
secretion from cell or use in the cell.
Controls and regulates the cell’s activities;
transmits genetic (inherited) information
during cell division; and
provides instructions for protein
synthesis.
The nucleolus makes ribosomes.