Download Circulation and gas exchange

Circulation and gas
exchange
Name: _________________________
The circulatory system
The body’s main internal transport system is the circulatory
system. It is the link between the cells inside the body, which
have certain requirements (nutrients, oxygen etc), and the
environment outside the body, which supplies those
requirements.
Using the information from your Science Aspects 2 textbook (p.
148) and the extra information below answer the questions on the
following page.
1. What are the MAJOR PARTS of the circulatory system?
2. What are the MAJOR FUNCTIONS of the circulatory system?
The Heart
The heart is the pump that pushes the blood around tho body. It is
about the size of a clenched fist and sits in the centre of your chest
behind your rib cage and sternum (the bone that runs down the
middle joining the two sides of your rib cage).
The heart you see
drawn on the average
Valentine is only a
rough representation
of the actual
structure of the
heart. Your heart is
OR more
actually shaped
like an upside-down
pear.
Follow the link below and watch the short video called
From the Heart.
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.stru.circulator/
Go to the Portal and open the PowerPoint called The Heart and complete the activities
below all about …. the HEART!
EXTERIOR VIEW of the heart
The outside of the heart is surrounded by a membranous sac.
 What is this sac called and what is its function?
 Label the parts of the heart that you can see just by looking at the outside of it.
INTERIOR VIEW of the heart
 Label the parts of the heart that you can see just by looking at the outside of it.
CHAMBERS of the heart
Inside the human heart there are _________ chambers. _________ on the left and _________ on
the right.
The chambers on the left hand side are separated from the chambers on the right hand side but a
thick section of cardiac muscle called the ____________________.
The bottom two chambers are called ____________________ and ____________________
blood.
The top two chambers are called ____________________ and ____________________ blood.
The bottom two chambers are called ____________________ and ____________________
blood.
 Label the chambers of the heart on the diagram below.
Your heart is about
the size of your
clenched fist.
VESSELS in the heart
The heart is surrounded by a number of vessels that carry blood either:
 TO the heart, or
 AWAY from the heart
The blood that is carried by the vessel can be either:
 OXYGENATED (with oxygen)
 DEOXYGENATED (without oxygen)
 Label the blood vessels on the heart below.
 Complete the table below by saying if the vessel carries OXYGENATED or DEOXYGENATED
blood and saying where it carries blood TO and FROM.
Vessel
Vena Cava
(superior and
inferior)
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Carries …
From …
To …
The Respiratory System
The function/s of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM is:
The respiratory system is found in the thoracic cavity (chest)
of your body. The thoracic cavity consists of the ribcage at
the side and diaphragm (curved sheet of muscle across the
bottom).
The respiratory system comprises of many different
structures and parts that all have a role in the process of
breathing.
 Label the parts of the respiratory system on the diagram
below. The parts to label are listed I the table that follow.
 Use the websites below (and your teacher) to find out the function of the structures of the
respiratory system.
http://www.nb.lung.ca/_images/flash/respiratory.swf
https://www.lung.ca/children/grades7_12/respiratory/respiratory_system.html
http://www.lungusa.org/site/c.dvLUK9O0E/b.22576/k.7FFF/Human_Respiratory_System.htm
http://library.thinkquest.org/5777/resp1.htm
http://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Respiratory_system?OpenDocument
Structure
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Trachea
Pleura
Lungs (right and left)
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Ribs
Diaphragm
Function
More on the lungs
Function of the alveoli
Characteristics of the alveoli that
help with its function:
 Use what you have learned and any of the websites below to answer the following questions.
http://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?dn=bbch&article_set=10657&lic=245&cat_id=46
1. List the path air takes as it enters your respiratory system.
2. You have two lungs, but they are not the same size. Which lung is biggest? Why?
3. What structure protects your lungs? How many do you have? What sorts of things do these
structures protect your lungs from?
4. When breathing in, does your chest get bigger or smaller? When you breathe out does your
chest get bigger or smaller? Why?
5. What is the name of the tiniest tubes you have inside your lungs? How many of these tubes do
you have in each lung? How thick is each of these tubes?
6. What is the name of the tiny air sacs at the bottom of each bronchiole? How many of these tiny
air sacs do you have? What space would these cover if you stretched them all out?
7. What type of blood vessel surrounds the alveoli?
8. In between the ribs there are two layers of muscle. What are these layers of muscle called?
Maths for Biology