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PG CHALLENGE 1.1 APPLIED ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CARDIOVASCUALR AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEMS You will need to develop your knowledge and understanding of the basic structures and functions of the body systems that are important to physical activity and sports. You will also need to know the short and long term effects of exercise on these systems, and how these effects can impact on physical fitness and performance. 1. Bronze Identify the four components of blood. For each component explain how it contributes to a sports performer. 2. Silver Define the following key terms for the cardiovascular and respiratory system. State the typical values for each one e.g. beats per minute, volume of blood or air etc. Heart rate Stroke Volume Cardiac Output Breathing rate Tidal volume Minute ventilation 3. Gold The route the blood takes around the body is known as the double-circulatory system. Create a story about the journey of a red blood cell around the circulatory system. You must include details of the systemic and pulmonary route the blood takes. The following words should be included in your story: Atrium (atria), ventricles, bicuspid, tricuspid, semi-lunar valves, aorta, pulmonary artery, vena cava, pulmonary vein, lungs. 4. Cloud 9 Using a diagram describe the pathway of air through the respiratory system. Explain the process of gaseous exchange that takes place in the alveoli in the lungs 5. Stretch and Challenge Define the terms aerobic and anaerobic. Using Mo Farah and Dina Asher-Smith as examples explain whether they are exercising aerobically or anaerobically. Your explanation must include links to intensity and duration of the exercise they are doing.