Download the punic wars: rome v

THE PUNIC WARS: ROME V. CARTHAGE
8th century BCE:
6th century BCE:
to 266 BCE:
264:
241:
238:
218:
217:
216:
206:
204:
202:
196:
190:
168-146:
to 149:
149-146:
146:
Rome (753) & Carthage founded
Phoenicia conquered, Carthage becomes independent
Rome expands control over Italian peninsula
Carthage controls southeastern Spain, Corsica, Sardinia, and all of north Africa
except Egypt
Direct contact in Sicily: Carthage controls western half
Messina (on Sicily) revolts against Carthage, Syracuse (on Sicily) asks for
Carthage’s help against Rome; start of First Punic War
Rome destroys Carthage’s navy
Carthage gives up Sicily, pays fine of 80 tons of silver
End of First Punic War
Rome seizes Corsica while Carthaginian mercenaries revolt
Hamilcar & Hannibal build colonies & conquer in Spain for Carthage
Carthage’s empire thriving, Rome asks it not to exceed Ebro River
Spanish Saguntum allies with Rome, becomes foolish and cocky
Hannibal in charge of Spain, attacks Saguntum
Rome demands Hannibal be sent to them
Hannibal “complies” with invasion of Italy (elephants over the Alps); start
of Second Punic War
Battle of Trebia in September, Romans crushed
Ambush of Roman army by Hannibal at Trasimene
Battle of Cannae, 60-80,000 Romans killed (numbers vary but worst defeat in
Roman history)
Italian Roman allies desert to Hannibal
Hannibal ravages Italian countryside for 10 years w/only skirmishes, lacks men
& supplies due to political opposition at home
Scipio drives Carthaginian armies from Spain, breaks Hannibal’s supply
lines
Scipio brings war to walls of Carthage, Hannibal forced to return to Africa
Battle of Zama, Hannibal’s first (and only) defeat costs him the war; end
of Second Punic War
Hannibal flees to protection of court of Antiochus in Asia Minor
Rome becomes international empire, turns east to crush Philip V of
Macedon & begins to subjugate Greece
Greece becomes “protectorate” of Rome
Antiochus invades Greece, defeated by Rome; Hannibal commits suicide
Systematic Roman subjection of Greece, brutal and destructive
Gradual revival of Carthaginian prosperity (though not territorially)
Third Punic War when Rome “pre-emptively” attacks Carthage
Total subjection of Iberia (Spain) by Rome
Carthage wiped from the face of the earth by Rome
hannibal ad portas!
“Hannibal is at the gates!”
carthago delenda est
“Carthage must be destroyed”