Download Earth`s Interior (Geosphere)

Today’s Learning Target:
• We will be able to describe
structures and layers of the
earth and explain how we
know about the structure.
Why is the earth like an apple?
Turn and talk!
• Turn to your neighbor
and discuss why you
think the earth is like an
apple!
Today’s Language objective:
• Cause and effect language:
You will be able to use cause
and effect language such as:
as a result of, due to and
because of to explain the
layers of the earth.
Earth’s Interior
(Geosphere)
• Outermost
layer
• Made of two
rock types;
granite and
basalt
• Density = 2.8
g/cc
• 5-60 km thick
• Solid
Crust
Upper & Lower Mantle
• Layer directly
beneath the crust
• Made of silicon,
oxygen, iron, and
magnesium (Si, O,
Fe, Mg)
• Density = 3.3-5.5
g/cc
• Upper - 660 km &
Lower - 2225 km
thick
• Solid but in a
“plastic-like” state
Outer Core
•
•
•
•
•
Layer below the mantle
Made of iron and nickel (Fe, Ni)
Density = 11.5 g/cc
2,270 km thick
Liquid – molten
Inner Core
• Innermost layer
• Made of iron and
nickel
• Density = 15 g/cc
• Radius of 1,216
km
• Solid
We have never been to the
center of the earth!
• How do we know about the
structure of the earth?
Because of how seismic waves
from earthquakes travel through
the earth we understand that the
earth is made of different layers.
Turn and Talk:
• Now that we know a little
about the structure of the
earth, turn to your neighbor
again and using academic
language describe why the
structure of the earth is like
an apple.
Pressure
• What happens to pressure when you go to
the bottom of the Richfield pool?
• What do you think happens to the
pressure as you go towards the center of
the earth?
–It increases!!!!!
Temperature
• What happens to the temperature as you
go towards the center of the earth?
–It increases!!
– The temperature of the crust increases as you
go deeper into the Earth. It starts out cool, but
can get up to 400 degrees C at the boundary
between the crust and the mantle
Temperature & Pressure
• The temperature
inside the Earth rises
at a rate of 1 degree
Celsius per 40 meters
of depth
• Core temperature
may range from 2,000
degrees Celsius to
5,000 degrees
Celsius
• Earth’s center may be
as hot as the surface
of the sun
• Sources of heat
– Original heat
– Radioactive minerals
– Pressure from
overlying rocks
Earth’s Interior Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
geologist
constructive
destructive
seismic waves
lithosphere
asthenosphere
convection
8. density
9. subduction
10. transform
11. divergent
12. convergent
Bonus Words
13. Alfred Wegener
14. Pangea