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UNIT 10 VOCABULARY (Earth’s Layers) 1) Crust: Thin, outer layer of the Earth, about 10 km thick under the oceans and up to 50 km thick of the continents. 2) Mantle: Largest layer of the Earth, composed of very hot, dense flowing rock found below the crust and above the core. 3) Inner core: Solid innermost and hottest part of the earth, surrounded by the outer core (made of nickel and iron).. 4) Asthenosphere: Plastic-like layer of the Earth on which the lithospheric plates float and move around. Part of the upper mantle. 5) Outer core: Surrounds Earth’s inner core, is made of liquid nickel and iron. Includes the transition zone. 6) Lithosphere: Rigid layer of Earth about 100 km thick, made of the crust and a part of the upper mantle (divided into tectonic plates). 7) Plasticity: The condition of material in the asthenosphere, having the ability to flow without being a liquid.