Download Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said

HAMZAH ISLAMIC CENTER
665 Tidwell Rd
Alpharetta, GA – 30004
(404) 229-7216
2012 Sunday School
Module 2
Stories of Sacrifice –
Sahabah
The Ten
Blessed
Sahabah
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 2
The Ten (10) Blessed Sahabah
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) once said:
“Abu Bakr will be in Paradise,
Omar will be in Paradise,
Uthman will be in Paradise,
Ali will be in Paradise,
Talhah will be in Paradise,
Al-Zubayr will be in Paradise,
Abdul-Rahman ibn Awf will be in Paradise,
Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas will be in Paradise,
Sa`id ibn Zayd will be in Paradise and
Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah will be in Paradise."
Also, one of the prophet’s (PBUH) companions, Abu Musa Al-Ashari, narrates:
“I performed ablution in my house and then went out and said,
"Today I shall stick to Allah's prophet (PBUH) and stay with him all this day of mine (in his
service)."
I went to the Mosque and asked about the prophet (PBUH). They said, "He had gone in this
direction." So I followed his way, asking about him till he entered a place called Bir Aris.
I sat at its gate that was made of date-palm leaves till the prophet (PBUH) finished answering
the call of nature and performed ablution. Then I went up to him to see him sitting at the well
of Aris at the middle of its edge with his legs uncovered, hanging in the well. I greeted him and
went back and sat at the gate. I said, "Today I will be the gatekeeper of the prophet (PBUH)."
Abu Bakr came and pushed the gate. I asked, "Who is it?" He said, "Abu Bakr." I told him to
wait, went in and said, "O Allah's Prophet (PBUH)! Abu Bakr asks for permission to enter." He
said, "Admit him and give him the glad tidings that he will be in Paradise." So I went out and
said to Abu Bakr, "Come in, and Allah's Prophet (PBUH) gives you the glad tidings that you will
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 3
be in Paradise" Abu Bakr entered and sat on the right side of Allah's Prophet (PBUH) on the
built edge of the well and hung his legs in the well as the Prophet did and uncovered his legs.
I then returned and sat (at the gate). I had left my brother performing ablution and he intended
to follow me. So I said (to myself). "If Allah Wants good for so-and-so (i.e. my brother) He will
bring him here."
Suddenly somebody moved the door. I asked, "Who is it?" He said, "'Umar bin Al-Khattab." I
asked him to wait, went to Allah's Prophet (PBUH), greeted him and said, 'Umar bin Al-Khattab
asks the permission to enter." He said, "Admit him, and give him the glad tidings that he will be
in Paradise." I went to "Umar and said "Come in, and Allah's Prophet (PBUH), gives you the glad
tidings that you will be in Paradise." So he entered and sat beside Allah's Prophet (PBUH) on the
built edge of the well on the left side and hung his legs in the well.
I returned and sat (at the gate) and said, (to myself), "If Allah wants good for so-and-so, He will
bring him here." Somebody came and moved the door. I asked "Who is it?" He replied,
"Uthman bin Affan." I asked him to wait and went to the Prophet and informed him. He said,
"Admit him, and give him the glad tidings of entering Paradise, I asked him to wait and went to
the Prophet and informed him. He said, "Admit him, and give him the glad tidings of entering
Paradise after a calamity that will befall him." So I went up to him and said to him, "Come in;
Allah's Prophet (PBUH) gives you the glad tidings of entering Paradise after a calamity that will
befall you. "Uthman then came in and found that the built edge of the well was occupied, so he
sat opposite to the Prophet on the other side.”
What It Really Means
What does it mean to be told by the prophet (PBUH) that you will be in paradise? Will you quit
working hard to worship Allah? Will you do sins since you know that you will be in Jannah?
The answer to that is as follows:
1- The 10 blessed ones have higher aspirations than just to enter Jannah. They seek to
please Allah and they want Allah to be pleased with them more than anything else.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) once was making Salat late at night and it was so long that
even his feet swelled up. His wife, Syedah Aiysha (RAA), asked him: “why do you pray so
long and Allah Has forgiven you the past and the future”. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
replied: “shouldn’t I then be a grateful slave?”
2- The prophet (PBUH) does not say such things without first being informed by Allah who
knew that the blessed 10 will not commit such grave sins
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 4
Others Who Were Given Glad Tidings
There are others the prophet (PBUH) or Allah in the Quran told of such great glad tidings. The
10 is famous because they are listed in one Hadith. We will tell below the story of the group
Allah SWT Promised His pleasure upon them (The Pact under the Tree):
The Pact under the Tree
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) made intentions to visit Mecca to perform Umrah. It was a time
of war with the non-believers of Mecca. Yet at the time, even the non-believers honored a long
held tradition of not fighting during the 4 blessed months of the year (Rajab, Thu Al-Qidah, Thu
Al-Hijjah and Muharram).
The prophet (PBUH) and approximately 1000 of his companions made the journey to Mecca
until they reached the valley of Hudaybeyah. They were informed that Quraish (people of
Mecca) will not allow them to enter.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) sent Uthman Ibn Affan to negotiate an entry. Uthman was late
returning and the Muslims were told wrongly that he was killed. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
called on his companions to make a pact to fight till death or victory.
The prophet (PBUH) and companions had no intentions of war when they left Madinah; they
had no weapons to speak of; they were 1000 against so many in Mecca. Yet, they were not
deterred.
The prophet (PBUH) sat under a tree and a group after group of Muslims came to put their
hands with his (PBUH) to make a promise to Allah to fight and not flee. All 1000 except for one
who hid behind his camel made such a pact.
Allah SWT revealed in the Quran (in translation):
“Those that made the pact with you are making a pact with Allah. The Hand of Allah is on top of
their hands”.
“Allah Is with those that pledged their allegiance to you under the tree, and He Knew what is in
their hearts and rewarded them with tranquility and gave them an imminent victory”.
At the end, a peace treaty between the Muslims and Quraish averted an impending war. The
companions who made this pact with the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) received the blessings of
Allah for their intentions (“neyyah”) at the time as they did not know what the future held.
Allah SWT is so generous that the mere intentions of doing good is greatly rewarded even if one
is prevented somehow of doing it.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 5
Following Chapters
In the following chapters, we will choose our own great companions of men, women and young
to discuss their lives in details Insha Allah.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 6
Khadijah Bint
Khuwaylid
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 7
Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid
The Truly First Believer
Note
In this narrative, I will mention the name Muhammad (PBUH) without saying Prophet to
indicate the time before his prophethood.
Birth and Early History
Khadijah was born in Makkah in the year 556 CE. Her mother's name was Fatimah bint Zayd,
and her father's name was Khuwaylid bin Asad. He was a very popular leader among the tribe
of Quraysh and a very prosperous businessman who died while fighting in the famous battle of
Fujjar. Khadijah thus grew up in the lap of luxury.
Khadijah married Abu Halah Malak bin Nabash bin Zarrarah bin At-Tamimi and bore him two
children, Halah and Hind. She wanted to see her husband prosper and financed him in setting
up a big business. But unfortunately he passed away.
Sometime later the young widow married 'Atique bin 'Aith bin 'Abdullah Al-Makhzumi, and she
had a daughter by him as well named Hindah, but the marriage soon broke up on grounds of
incompatibility.
Khadijah as a Business Woman
Khadijah managed the money she inherited from her father very well. She was a very astute
business women and her wealth grow bigger.
Being unmarried at the time with no ability to travel on her own far from Mecca, she was
always looking for honest merchants to travel and trade on her behalf. No one in Mecca was
known to be more honest than Muhammad (PBUH) who was 25 years old at the time whose
nickname was the “Honest, trustworthy (Al-Sadiq, Al-Amin)” so she offered him (PBUH) the job
and he accepted gladly.
She sent Muhammad (PBUH) with her servant Maysarah on a business trip. Hewas very
impressed with the character, smarts and ethics of Muhammad and reported what he saw to
Khadijah when he returned from the trip.
Khadijah was also impressed by the honesty of Muhammad (PBUH) and the fact that he
returned all the profits to Khadijah without keeping anything for himself other than what they
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 8
agreed to. She also noticed that the amount of profits were more than any time before due to
his honesty.
The Marriage Proposal
Khadijah being a beautiful, wealthy woman of 40 years of age had many suitors who wanted to
marry her. But she never had any interest.
However, she was so impressed by Muhammad (PBUH) that she wanted to marry him. But even
back then it was not appropriate for a woman to ask a man to marry her. She confined in her
friend Nafeesah who took it upon herself to act as a mediator.
Nafeesah went to Muhammad (PBUH) and asked him why he does not get married. He (PBUH)
mentioned that he does not have a lot of money to marry. Nafeesah told him “what if I told you
of a prominent, beautiful woman?” He said “who” and she replied “Khadijah”.
Age Difference
Khadijah was 15 years older than prophet Muhammad (PBUH) when she married him. He
(PBUH) married women his age and also much younger after the death of Khadijah when he
(PBUH) was in his fifties.
It was very common during that time for men to marry much younger women and for women
to marry younger men. There was no thought of anything bad about that at the time.
It is only in today’s culture in some countries that this fact is frowned upon. Today’s youngs are
not as mature as the older generation. It is a fact that no one disputes except to talk badly
about our Muslim heritage. When people study Shakespeare’s famous play “Romeo and Juliet”,
they forget that they were 13 years old at the time.
The Marriage and Early Years
The two uncles of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) Hamzah and Abu Talib
approached her uncle, Omar bin Asad, with the formal proposal. It was accepted and the two
families began preparing for the wedding.
Khadijah was very blessed in the marriage, and had six children. First two sons, Qasim and
Abdullah and both of them died before Islam; then followed the daughters, Zaynab, Ruqayyah,
Umm Kulthum and Fatimah. It was a very happy, peaceful and content household.
The Dawn of Islam and Prophethood
15 years into the marriage and Muhammad (PBUH) was living with Khadijah in blissful marriage.
He (PBUH) was now forty years of age.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 9
At that time Allah SWT Made him love seclusion and contemplation. He (PBUH) would go to the
cave of Hira which is a long walk from his house and on top of a high mountain. At that time
and with no lights or electricity, one can only imagine sitting in that cave in the middle of
nowhere, no people and no houses, simply overlooking the valley of Mecca and the Kabaa from
there.
What a woman today would think if her husband told her that he wants to spend days in the
mountain alone away from family, friends and everything? Will she be supportive? Will she
understand?
Khadijah was more than supportive. She would make the journey herself every few days
bringing food and water to her husband (PBUH).
The Revelation and the Supportive Wife
The story of revelation is well known where the angel Jibreel (PBUH) came to prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) in the cave and asked him to read and then finally the beginning of Surat
Al-Alaq was revealed.
The prophet (PBUH) understandably was shaken and he came down from the mountain
trembling and shivering to Khadijah asking to be covered. As he (PBUH) told Khadijah what
happened, she comforted him by saying:
“Did you have fear? No, Allah SWT Will never let you down. You are generous with your
relatives; you are truthful in speaking; you carry the burden of others who cannot support
themselves; and you feed the visitors and passersby”.
First, let’s examine the list of attributes she narrated why what happened to him (PBUH) has to
be good from Allah. These are the qualities we must strive for as Muslims to be happy and
protected in this life and the hereafter.
Khadijah had an uncle. His name is Waraqqa Bin Nawfal who never liked idle worshipping as
Quraish did at the time. He studied true Christianity and not the one claiming Issa (Jesus, PBUH)
to be son of God. Waraqqa was a very well learned man.
Khadijah took the prophet (PBUH) to Waraqqa who listened to the story attentively and then
excitingly proclaimed to prophet Muhammad (PBUH):
“By Allah this is the angel that came to Mosa (Moses, PBUH) and Issa (Jesus, PBUH). I wish I
were young to defend you and protect you when your people kick you of Mecca”.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 10
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) asked “are they going to kick me out of Mecca?” It is a logical
question as the prophet (PBUH) was loved by Quraish for all his noble qualities and that they
trusted him unconditionally.
Waraqqa replied: “yes, every messenger that brought such message to his people faced many
staunch enemies who were against his message”.
Years of Difficult Times – The Valley of Abu Talib
Quraish tried every possible tactic to stem the spread of Islam from torture and physical abuse
to killing Muslim slaves to trying to bribe the prophet (PBUH) to stop. All their efforts went to
no avail and Islam grew stronger each day.
Finally and at year 6 of Islam, Quraish and all of its tribes made a political, economic and social
pact against Muslims:
1- No one will buy or sell to a Muslim
2- No one will marry a Muslim or allow a Muslim to marry from them
3- When outsiders come to Mecca then they must stop Muslims from buying or selling to
them by overbidding or under selling the Muslims
Quraish wrote that treaty and hung it on the door of Kabaa as a constant reminder for them to
keep the embargo up.
You can imagine living in a city where you cannot even buy food to live on. Times were very
hard at the Muslims. Abu Talib decided to take his tribe and all the Muslims and isolate them in
a valley where they can protect each other. The valley became known as the valley of Abu Talib.
The boycott lasted 3 years. Let’s listen to Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas, RAA, tell us about how hard the
times where. He narrates:
“One night I went out to relief myself and I heard my urine fall on a dead camel skin. I cleaned,
crushed it into powder and ate from 3 for 3 days”.
He also said: “one day I went again to relief myself in the night. My hand touched something
wet so I put it in my mouth and ate it. To this day I have no idea what it was”.
Khadijah, RAA, being from a noble tribe was offered by her people to come out of the valley
and live with them. She vehemently refused to leave the side of her beloved husband
Muhammad (PBUH).
Finally and after 3 years a group of good hearted people of Quraish convinced their people to
end the embargo on the Muslims.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 11
The Death of Abu Talib and then Khadijah
The 3 years of suffering took its toll on both Abu Talib and Khadijah, RAA, and soon they both
passed away.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was so sad at the loss of his beloved wife and his biggest
supporter, his uncle Abu Talib that the year of their death was called the Year of Sadness.
The Place of Khadijah in Jannah and History of Women
However, before the death of Khadijah an incident happened as narrated in the authentic
books of Hadith:
“The Angel Jibreel (PBUH) came to prophet Muhamad (PBUH) and told him: this is Khadijah
coming to you with a pot of food and drink. Tell her when she comes that Allah SWT greets her
with Salam and so do I. Tell her Allah SWT promises her a great house in Jannah made of gold,
and of total peace and tranquility”.
In another Hadith prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said that “the best woman in Jannah is Maryam
Bint Imran; and the best woman in Jannah is Khadijah Bint Khuwaylid”.
The Love and Loyalty of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to Khadijah
Sayeedah Aiysha, RAA, the youngest wife of prophet Muhammad (PBUH) whom he married
years after the death of Khadijah narrates few stories:
“I was never jealous from any wife of the prophet (PBUH) except for Khadijah, who I never met,
because of how many times I heard prophet Muhammad (PBUH) mention her name.”
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), when he slaughters a sheep would send parts of it to old friends
of Khadijah. Sometime I would tell him (PBUH): as if there were no women other than Khadijah.
He (PBUH) would say: she was and was [narrating her noble character] and Allah gave me
children from her”.
In another similar situation the prophet Muhammad (PBUH) replied: “I was made to love her
[by Allah]”.
In another narration by Aisha, RAA, she said:
“Halah, the sister of Khadijah, asked to come in one day. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
recognized her voice and was similar to Khadijah’s. He (PBUH) said: Oh, Allah, Halah!
Aiysha said that she got very jealous and said: you keep mentioning that old lady and Allah gave
you a better wife than her [meaning herself, Aiysha].
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 12
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) face changed its color in anger and said: “No, by Allah, Allah Never
gave me a better wife: she believed in me when people did not; she spent her life and money
with her money when people rejected me; and Allah gave me children from only her”.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 13
Umm
Salamah
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 14
Umm Salamah Bint Abu Umayyah
Early History and Acceptance Of Islam
Her real name was Hind bint Abu Umayyah who became famous by the name Umm Salamah.
She was noble by birth, intelligent, learned, wise and skillful. She was first married to 'Abdullah
bin 'Abdul Asad Makhzumi known as Abu Salamah. He was the son of the Prophet's paternal
aunt Barrah bint Abdul Muttalib. He too belonged to the select band of people who were the
first to accept Islam. He was known for his integrity, valor, generosity, tolerance and patience.
He was the eleventh person to come into the fold of Islam. He was also the foster brother of
the Prophet (PBUH) through the ties of breast-feeding.
Umm Salamah was also one of the earliest people to enter Islam as well. Her mother was
'Atikah bint 'Amer bin Rabi'ah bin Malik bin Khazimah. Her father Abu Umayyah bin 'Abdullah
bin 'Amr bin Makhzum was a very wealthy man and famous throughout the Arab world for his
public service and charity. Umm Salamah seemed to have inherited this trait from her father.
She was always amiable and kind to her neighbors. When she married the handsome and brave
son of the equally wealthy family of Makhzum, she carried a friendly demeanor of pleasant
serenity into her new household. There was an atmosphere of gaiety and love in the home of
the newly married couple.
Persecution and Trip to Habasha (Abyssinia)
Things changed radically when the couple embraced Islam. The whole family turned against
them; mischievous and wicked elements like Walid bin Mughirah Makhzumi started creating
problems for them. Finally, when matters had nearly reached their worst, the Prophet (PBUH)
advised his staunch followers to migrate to Habasha where the Christian King was more
tolerant of the new religion. Sixteen people set out on that historic first migration of the
followers of Islam - twelve men and four women, Abu and Umm Salamah were part of these
sixteen.
Umm Salamah narrated that life was very peaceful in Habasha, free of all religious persecution.
She first gave birth to a daughter, whom they named Zaynab. Then she had a son Salamah,
hence her name and her husband's name.
The next child was also a son, 'Umar. Finally, they had another daughter who they named
Durrah. So life was very smooth and time passed uneventfully, in peace and happiness. The
ruler of Habasha, Najashi, was very kind to the migrants. When the leaders of the disbelievers
heard this news, they were enraged and thought that the Muslims were becoming a real source
of danger for them. They decided to take strong measures to stem the rising tide of Islam.
After a great deal of thought they evolved a plan of action. The disbelievers sent the leading
politician of the Arab world, Amr bin 'Aas and 'Abdullah bin Abi Rabi'ah with expensive gifts for
Najashi, in order to persuade him to hand over the Muslim migrants to their custody. Najashi
was a fair minded, far-sighted and frank man. So he called for the leader of the refugees to
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 15
present their case. Najashi, after hearing the plea of the Muslims he then told the emissaries of
the Quraish that these migrants were people of good character and could continue to live in
Habasha as long as they wished. Further, he would continue to give every kind of protection
necessary, and the delegation from Makkah could leave carrying back their gifts. If someone
gave him even a mountain of gold in exchange for these righteous people he would not
surrender them. Umm Salamah has written about this memorable first migration of the
Muslims, and described the greatness of Najashi in such a moving manner that it has become
an integral and important part of Islamic history.
Umm Salamah narrates that their life in Habasha was very peaceful and Najashi was very kind,
but all the same they were homesick for Makkah. They continued longing for the time when
peace would finally prevail so they could return to their beloved country. One day news
reached that 'Umar bin Khattab accepted Islam and that the conditions in Makkah had changed
completely. It was said that because of the authority and influence of 'Umar, the persecution of
Muslims came to an end. They were all so excited at this good news, writes Umm Salamah, that
they decided to set out for their homes. 'Uthman bin 'Affan also set out with them with his
family. On reaching Makkah, they realized it had been just a rumor and things were much
worse than before. Muslims were the targets of worse crimes and persecution. But it was too
late.
Return to Mecca and Migration to Madinah
The disbelievers heard the Prophet (PBUH) reciting Ayat from the Noble Qur’an, and prostrated
involuntarily at one Ayah with him. Like all rumors this too ballooned into news that the
Quraish had converted to Islam. In reality this was not so.
Weary of the constant problems they faced, they decided to leave for Habasha again. It was at
this time that the Prophet (PBUH) ordered staunch Muslims to migrate to Al-Madinah. The
delegation from there had brought the news that those who swore allegiance to Allah and His
Prophet (PBUH) at 'Aqabah had invited Muslims to settle there, and he accepted. The Ansar of
Al-Madinah, (as they came to be called), had said they would look after their migrant brethren.
Abu Salamah with his family left on camels for Al-Madinah. When members of his family saw
this, they caught the bridle of the camel and told him that he could go where he wanted but he
would have to leave behind his daughter. They said it seemed like a joke - he was always off
somewhere or the other, Habasha, then Al-Madinah! He never seemed to give her a peaceful
settled life.
When Abu Salamah's family heard this they were enraged. They came and took her sons away,
saying she could not take them with her; they were their flesh and blood and they would bring
them up. So, in a moment the whole family was split up in three different places. Abu Salamah
left for Al-Madinah, his wife was left with her parents and the sons were with the paternal
grandparents. It was such a shock being torn apart from husband and sons, that she just could
not stop weeping.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 16
Every day she used to visit the spot from where the husband and children had been torn away
from her and weep for her loved ones. One day one of the members of her tribe passed that
way and saw her grieving and asked her what happened. She told him about her plight. He then
went and gave a piece of his mind to the elders of both families, rebuking them for their cruel
behavior towards a noble and helpless lady. His emotional and blunt outburst made them
realize how unjust they were and they relented. They gave back her sons to her, and her family
too gave her permission to proceed to Al-Madinah.
But how could she travel alone? No one was willing to accompany her. Finally, gaining courage
and solace from the fact that she now had her sons with her, she set out for Al-Madinah. When
she reached Tan'im, she met 'Uthman bin Talhah 'Abdari who had not up to that time accepted
Islam. He asked her where she was traveling all alone. She replied that she was going to join her
husband. He was surprised that not a single member of the family accompanied her. She said
no one agreed to go with her and she was totally dependent on Allah Almighty who was her
Defender and Protector; only He would protect her. 'Uthman bin Talhah 'Abdari took the bridle
of the camel and said he would help her in reaching destination.
Umm Salamah said that such a decent, pure-hearted man, with not a trace of evil in him would
be difficult to find. Whenever they reached a camping site he would tie the camel to a tree and
move far away to lie down and rest. So she also had some privacy and could rest at ease,
relaxed with her children. When it was time to resume the journey he would bring the camel
and make it sit down. Once she got on the camel's back with her children, he would take the
bridle in his hand and start walking. After several days they reached Quba which is in the
environs of Al-Madinah. Banu 'Amr bin 'Auf were settled there; he said that since Abu Salamah
was also there he could leave her and return. Umm Salamah says in her book that his
gentlemanly behavior and his goodness affected her deeply. Then she finally saw her family
after so long her joy knew no bounds. So this divided family once again was at peace and the
children had the benefit of a good upbringing that only united and happy parents can provide.
The Death of Abu Salamah
Abu Salamah took part in the Battle of Badr and once again had the honor of fighting for Islam
in the Battle of Uhud. But in this last mentioned battle, Abu Usamah Jashmi wounded him
seriously in the side with his spear. He underwent treatment for a month but to no avail. The
wound apparently healed, but that was only on the surface, and it continued to fester inside.
Barely two months after the battle of Uhud, the Prophet (PBUH) received news that Banu Asad
was planning to attack the Muslims. He ordered his men to prepare for battle, and made Abu
Salamah the Commander of the Islamic forces. The battle was won, and Banu Asad was
crushed. The Muslims got the rich spoils of a war well fought.
Abu Salamah was lying in a very serious condition when the Prophet (PBUH) came to visit him.
He realized that he was approaching death, and patting his hand consoled him. When he finally
passed away, the Prophet (PBUH) closed his eyes with his hands.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 17
Umm Salamah narrates that she heard Abu Salamah tell her before that prophet Muhammad
(PBUH) once said:
“Anyone who is hit by a great tragedy and then puts his faith in Allah and says:
We all belong to Allah and to Allah we shall return. O, Allah, reward me in my tragedy and
recompense better than what I have lost”.
In total belief, Umm Salamah said those words then she reflected of the words just uttered and
muttered to herself: “who will be better than Abu Salamah, a loving husband and a devout
father?”
Little did she know that Allah had accepted her prayer and she later said: “by Allah, Allah gave
me better than Abu Salamah”. And that was the prophet (PBUH) himself.
The Marriage to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
Umm Salamah says that she prayed thus and Allah granted her prayer. When she finished the
prescribed period of waiting, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq sent a proposal of marriage to her, but she
refused. Then 'Umar bin Khattab proposed and she refused him as well.
Then the Prophet (PBUH) proposed. She reflected about her own shortcomings as she did not
want to be a bad wife to prophet Muhammad (PBUH). She told him (PBUH) that:
1- She was a jealous woman and had a temper; she felt she might be rude to the Prophet
of Allah (PBUH), and thus lose the reward for all her good deeds.
2- Secondly, she was an elderly lady.
3- Thirdly, she had, many children.
The Prophet (PBUH) answered that he would pray to Allah, and Allah willing, her jealousy
temper would subside. As far as age was concerned, he was also an elderly man. This statement
from prophet Muhammad (PBUH) refutes the non-believer claims about him and his interest in
young women. In fact many of his wives were older or just as old as he (PBUH) was.
The prophet (PBUH) then continued by telling her that as far as her children were concerned,
Allah SWT and His messenger (PBUH) will take care of them.
'Ayshah narrated that it was the habit of the Prophet (PBUH) to visit each of his wives in turn
after the 'Asr prayers. He would inquire about their welfare and if they needed anything. He
would start from the apartment of Umm Salamah because she was the eldest among them, and
finish his rounds at the apartment of 'Ayshah.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 18
The Wisdom That Saved Many
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the Sahabah wanted to perform Ummrah and visit the Kabah.
But they were stopped by Quraish and finally a peace treaty was formed. Initially the Sahabah
thought the treaty gave too many concessions to the non-believers and they wanted to fight or
get a more balanced treaty.
Little did they know that peace was the intent of prophet Muhammad (PBUH); that once peace
is restored and the Muslims are allowed to practice and spread their message, then thousands
(and later millions) of people will accept islam. That is exactly what happened.
The Sahabah did not have that foresight and when prophet Muhammad (PBUH) told them to
end their Ummrah rituals by slaughtering their sacrifices, shaving their heads and taking the
clothes of Ihram off, they hesitated hoping that the decision would somehow change.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) entered the tent of Umm Salamah feeling upset and worried that
Allah may punish the Sahabah for their disobedience. Umm Salamah said:
“Oh, prophet (PBUH), simply leave the tent, slaughter your sacrifice and call the barber to shave
your head. The Sahabah will follow your actions”.
She knew that the Sahabah will always follow the lead of the prophet (PBUH) and know that his
actions are commands from Allah. Once they saw prophet Muhammad (PBUH) shave his head,
they rushed to do the same.
A Place of Revelation
Several of the Ayat of the Noble Quran were revealed to the Prophet (PBUH) when he was in
her apartment. For instance, in the latter part of the Ayat in Surat AI-Ahzab,
"And Allah only wishes to remove evil deeds from you, O members of the family (of the
Prophet), and to purify you with a thorough purification." [Noble Quran 33:33]
Also some of the Ayat of Surat At-Tawbah were revealed while he was with her.
"And (there are) others who have acknowledged their sins, they have mixed a deed that was
righteous with another that was evil. Perhaps Allah will turn unto them in forgiveness. Surely,
Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." [Noble Quran 9:102]
He also said:
"And (He forgave) the three who did not join till for them the earth, vast as it is, was straitened
and their own selves were straitened to them, and they perceived that there is no fleeing from
Allah and no refuge but with Him. Then He forgave them that they might beg for His pardon.
Verily, Allah is the One Who forgives and accepts repentance, Most Merciful." [Noble Quran 9:118]
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 19
This Ayah refers to the turning towards Allah of Ka'b bin Malik, Hilal bin Umayyah and Mararah
bin Ar-Rabi' in sincere repentance. These three Companions, without any valid reason, avoided
joining the Muslim army in the Battle of Tabuk. They were therefore ostracized by the Prophet
(PBUH) and the rest of the Companions. They were so stricken by guilt that they kept praying
for Divine Forgiveness, until finally Allah granted it to them. The Prophet (PBUH) was sleeping in
the apartment of Umm Salamah when this last Ayah was revealed to him. He woke up in the
late hours of the night and told her that the supplications for forgiveness of these three
Companions had been accepted. She asked him if this good news should be conveyed to them
immediately. He said they should not be disturbed so late at night; after the Fajr prayers he
sent for them and congratulated them. They were overjoyed and so were all the other
Companions.
Umm Salamah also had the distinction of taking part in many battles of significance in the
history of Islam. She was with the Prophet (PBUH) during the Battles Bani Mustalaq, Ta'if,
Khaybar, Hunayn and the conquest of Makkah.
Umm Salamah was very learned in religious matters. She knew three hundred and eighty-seven
Hadiths of the Prophet (PBUH) by heart. She knew very well the finer points of Islamic law
about foster-relations through suckling and divorce. 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas used to consult with
her for many points of Shari'ah (Islamic law). Leading the list of names of Companions whose
judgments on points of law were regarded as valid is the name of Umm Salamah.
Umm Salamah had hardly any equal in mastery over language. When she spoke her words and
phrases were well chosen and exactly appropriate for the expression of ideas. Her written
language was suited for literary expression. Many companions and followers have noted down
traditions attributed to her.
She lived to the ripe old age of eighty-four and died in the year 62nd after Hijrah. She lived to
see the rule Khulafa' Ar-Rashidin. Zaynab bint Jahash was the first among the Mothers of the
Believers to pass away and Umm Salamah the last. This was during the rule of Yazid bin
Mu'awiyah and she was laid to rest beside the other wives of the Prophet (PBUH) in Jannatul
Baqi'.
Note:
Most of the information in this document was downloaded from:
http://www.islamswomen.com/articles/umm_hiram_bint_milhan.php
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 20
Saad Ibn Abi
Waqqas
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 21
Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas
“The Lion's Claws”
About Saad
His grandfather was Uhaib ibn Manaf, the paternal uncle of Aaminah, the mother of the
Prophet, peace be upon him. So prophet Muhammad (PBUH) used to point to Saad lovingly
and say: “This is my uncle; let others point their uncles to me”. This is despite the fact that Saad
was 23 years younger than the prophet (PBUH) himself.
Saad accepted Islam when he was 17 years old. He was the third man after Abu Bakker and
Uthman to embrace Islam. Saad said, "I witnessed a day in which I was third in Islam". Of
course, Khadijah (a woman) and Zaid Ibn Haritha and Ali Ibn Abi Talib (young children in the
household of the prophet (PBUH)) embraced Islam earlier as well. May Allah be pleased with
them all!
His Mother’s Attempt to Change His Mind
When my mother heard the news of my Islam, she flew into a rage. She came up to me and
said: "O Sa'ad! What is this religion that you have embraced which has taken you away from the
religion of your mother and father...? By God, either you forsake your new religion or I would
not eat or drink until I die. Your heart would be broken with grief for me and remorse would
consume you on account of the deed, you have done and people would censure you forever
more.' 'Don't do (such a thing), my mother,' I said, 'for I would not give up my religion for
anything.' However, she went on with her threat... For days she neither ate nor drank. She
became emaciated and weak."
"Hour after hour, I went to her asking whether I should bring her some food or something to
drink but she persistently refused, insisting that she would neither eat nor drink until she died
or I abandoned my religion. I said to her, 'Yaa Ummaah! In spite of my strong love for you, my
love for Allah and His Messenger is indeed stronger. By Allah, if you had a thousand souls and
each one departs one after another, I would not abandon this religion for anything.' When she
saw that I was determined she relented unwillingly and ate and drank.”
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 22
Allah said in the Quran (in translation):
"But if they (your parents) strive with you to make you join in worship with Me others that of
which you have no knowledge, then obey them not..." (Luqman 31: 15)
The First to Fight
In the early days of Islam in Mecca where the number of Muslims was minimal, prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) did not allow the Muslims to fight back. This is despite all the torture,
murder and pain inflected by the Kuffar (non-believers) on the Muslims.
The Muslims were not afraid for their lives. They, on the contrary, were more worried about
keeping Islam alive by not giving the Kuffar an excuse to annihilate them all.
One day Saad and a group of Muslims were worshipping Allah outside of Mecca when they
were met by a group of Kuffar who attacked them. A fist fight ensued and Saad grabbed jaw
bones of a dead donkey and hit the Kuffar with it. So he was the first to fight for Allah and later
he would be the first to throw an arrow for Allah’s sake.
Difficult Years in the Valley of Abu Talib
Saad spent 3 years with the prophet (PBUH) in the valley of Abu Talib where the Muslims were deprived
by Quraish of food. Saad narrates:
“One night I went out to relief myself and I heard my urine fall on a dead camel skin. I cleaned,
crushed it into powder and ate from 3 for 3 days”.
He also said: “one day I went again to relief myself in the night. My hand touched something
wet so I put it in my mouth and ate it. To this day I have no idea what it was”.
Life in Madinah – The Battles for Badr
Saad migrated to Madinah and was with prophet Muhammad (PBUH) the entire life of the
prophet (PBUH). In the battle of Badr, Saad narrates:
“I fought very well and hard in Badr. After the battle I saw a beautiful sword left by a Kaffir on
the battle field. I took it to prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and asked him to give it to me. The
prophet (PBUH) said it was not up to him how to divide the spoils of war.”
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 23
Saad continues: “I left the prophet (PBUH) saying to myself: now someone else who does not
fight as well as I may get this sword”. Allah then revealed the Ayat of Surat Al-Anfaal giving
prophet Muhammad (PBUH) the authority to divide the spoils of war and distribute it in fifths:
one fifth to the cause of Allah (fighting, the poor, etc.) and the other 4 fifth to the soldiers in
battle.
The prophet (PBUH) called Saad and said:
”Now it is up to me” and he give him the sword.
The Battle of Uhud – The Sacrifices of Many
In the first half of the battle of Uhud, the Muslims won the battle and few thought the war had
ended, so they left their assigned posts. This gave the Kuffar a chance to circle around the
Muslim army and attack from the rear as well as the front.
The Muslim army became scattered and prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and few Sahabah were
forced into a small hole (open cave) in the mountain. The Kuffar focused their attack on the
prophet (PBUH).
A woman with her son stood and fought until she was killed. As she fell on the ground dying,
she looked at her son and said:
“You will not have an excuse if harm befalls the prophet (PBUH) and you still have a life in your
body”. She is urging him to sacrifice his life to save the prophet (PBUH).
Another woman picked up a sword and fought an attacker and she hit him. He had too much of
an armor so her sword bounced off his chest and he hit her on her shoulder causing a severe
injury that will remain visible the rest of her life.
Finally the prophet (PBUH) was left with only 9 people: 7 of Ansaar (people of Madinah) and
two of Quraish: Saad and Talhah Ibn Obaid Allah.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said:
“Who would protect us and he is with me in Jannah?” One of Al-Ansaar stepped up and fought
till he was killed. The prophet (PBUH) kept repeating his question and one of Al-Ansaar would
fight until all 7 were killed.
Talhah protected the prophet (PBUH) with is body despite all the arrows coming at them. He
put his hand in front of the face of prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to protect him from an
incoming arrow. The arrow pierced the hand of Abu Talhah and cut his fingers. He uttered upon
feeling the pain a meaningless sound: “Hsssss”. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) told him:
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 24
“Had you said Bismillah instead the angles would have lifted you up in the sky for all to see”.
All the while Saad was fighting the Kuffar with his arrows. The prophet (PBUH) himself would
gather falling arrows from a round them and give it to Saad saying:
“Throw them with your arrows; you are more beloved to me than my father and mother”.
Saad would later say that the prophet (PBUH) never said these words to any Muslim but him.
Getting Sick
When the Prophet went on his Farewell Pilgrimage Saad accompanied him and happened to fall
ill. When the Prophet went to nurse him, he told the Prophet that he owned a lot of property
and had only one daughter who would inherit it. He said that he wished to give away as charity
in the Name of Allah, two-third of it. The Prophet told him this was too large a proportion. Then
he asked if he could give away one half, the Prophet said even this was too much. Then again
he asked if it would be all right to give away one third. The Prophet said even this was a bit too
much though it was all right. He asked him to remember that it was better to leave one's heirs
in a good financial position; it was not good to leave them in a situation where they would have
to go around asking others for help. Allah Will reward the person who spent anything at all in
charity for Him.
The sickness of Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas was getting more and more complicated day by day. He
loved Al-Madinah deeply and he wanted to die there. When the Prophet saw his restlessness
and desire to be in his favorite city, he put his blessed hand on his chest and supplicated to
Allah Almighty thrice to cure him. These supplicated phrases uttered by the Prophet
acted
like a magic cure for Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas.
The Leader of the Army to Iraq and Persia
A continuous stream of incoming news worried the Commander of the Faithful, Omar ibn AlKhattab.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 25
This news was about the deceitful attacks launched by the Persian forces against the Muslims
at the Battle of Al-Jisr which cost the Muslims 4,000 lives in a single day and, moreover, the
Iraqis' renouncement of allegiance and their violation of agreed-upon covenants.
Therefore, Omar decided to personally lead the Muslim troops in a decisive fight against Persia.
In fact, he set out accompanied by some of his companions, leaving Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may Allah
be pleased with him, behind to act as his deputy over Madinah.
However, he had hardly left Madinah when some of his companions found it wiser to ask him
to return and appoint someone else for this task. This view was adopted by Abd Ar-Rahman ibn
Awf, who saw it unwise to risk the caliph's life in such a way while Islam was going through its
most decisive days.
Omar ordered the Muslims to gather for public consultation. Congregational prayer was then
announced and Ali ibn Abi Talib was sent for. He went with some Madinites to where Omar and
his companions were waiting. At last, they accepted Abd Ar-Rahman ibn Awf’s opinion. The
assembly decided that Omar was to go back to Madinah and another Muslim leader be chosen
to combat the Persians.
Omar agreed to their decision, and then asked his companions, "Whom do you see fit to be
sent to Iraq?"
They thought silently for a while. Then Abd Ar-Rahman ibn Awf shouted, "I've found him!"
Omar said, "Who is it?" Abd Ar-Rahman said, "The Lion's Claws: Saad Ibn Malik Az-Zuhariy.
(Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas)"
The Muslims supported his choice. Omar then sent for Saad ibn Maalik Az-Zuhariy, also known
as Saad ibn Abi Waqqas and appointed him governor of Iraq and Commander of the Army.
The Battle of Qadisiyah
Omar wrote to Saad:
"Remember the importance of Qadisiyah, which is a historic place. If the battle is won, then the
whole of Persia will be at your feet. Qadisiyah is the central door to Persia.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 26
Do not be lost in arrogance because you are related to the Prophet. Do not forget that one's
status and position in the eyes of Allah depends on one's obedience and loyalty to Him."
At the end of the letter he told him to keep me informed about all the latest developments.
How would he enter the battlefield? Where would he camp? At what distance was the enemy
at that time? In other words, he wanted detailed information about what was taking place
every moment, as if he were able to see him.
Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas fulfilling his duties, kept the government at the center informed regarding
every detail to the extent that he kept Caliph 'Omar Farooq informed in exhaustive detail about
the welfare and activities of the Muslim army.
Persian army was much larger in number and weapons and they were led by Persia’s supreme
Commander Rustum. They brought in huge elephants with soldiers with bows and arrows on
top. A sight never seen by Muslims before!
Saad sent a word to Omar about the size of the Persian army asking him his advice. Omar
replied that he should not fear and let the Persians enter the battlefield. He should remember
always that total power lay in the control of Allah Almighty. He should concentrate on
entreating Allah Almighty and offering supplications to Him for assistance and depend on Him
every moment.
Secondly, send a delegation consisting of the most excellent, most experienced, most
intelligent and most eloquent Muslim soldiers to the Persian Empire. He wanted Saad Ibn Abi
Waqas to report to him in detail about how the delegation was received by the Persian Empire;
further it was extremely important that he be kept fully informed about each and every
development. Finally he prayed that Allah Almighty be his Supporter and Helper.
Following the orders of 'Omar Farooq , Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas selected the most eloquent,
diplomatic, skilled, perceptive and dignified people from those serving under him to form the
delegation and sent them to the Persian Empire. The delegation went to the court of the
Empire in the very simple attire of those who are indifferent to worldly pomp and show.
Looking at their simple dress yet regal and majestic manners the whole court seemed to
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 27
tremble and quake. The head of the delegation addressed the Persian Empire and said that
Allah Almighty had selected them, so that they should take out mankind from the filthy morass
of idol worship and guide them to the clear fountain of the adoration of the One True Allah. He
wanted them to lead people from the darkness of ignorance to the brilliant light of knowledge.
The common man had to be freed from the oppression of tyrants and taken into the fresh open
air of Islam to enjoy the blessings of the justice of Islam. All those who accept this invitation
would be welcomed and nor would their territories be annexed. They would be given total
control of the organization and governance of their lands. But if anyone opposed them and
refused their invitation, then they would declare war against them, and this war would
continue until the Law of Allah Almighty was established on this earth and His Promise was
fulfilled.
The Persian Empire asked in amazed tones: “What Allah Almighty had promised them?" They
answered that He had promised them Paradise after death and an exalted status for those who
lived on. And very proudly they added that if he did not accept Islam, this land of his would very
soon be under their control, he would lose his throne and crown and all his pomp and power
would become a story from the past. The Persian Empire felt that each phrase of theirs was a
poisoned arrow hitting the target - his heart. With smoldering eyes and a thundering voice he
called out to his man. The man came forward and asked what his command was. He asked him
to go out and get some soil immediately. The man went out and quickly brought a basket filled
with soil, continuously threw it at the delegation. Asim Ibn Omar picked up the basket put it in
his robe and took it to Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas,, and said: "Congratulations! The Persian Empire
has himself given us its land."
The delegation informed Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas of all that had transferred; they said that war
could not be avoided as the Persian Empire would understand no other language. The dispute
could be settled only the arena of war. The eyes of Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas filled with tears when
he heard the courageous dialogue of his soldiers. He wished this war could have started some
days earlier or some days later.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 28
The fact of the matter was that when the delegation declared that war was inevitable, Saad Ibn
Abi Waqqas was sick. He had sores all over his body and he was suffering from sciatica. It was
very difficult for him to walk or even to sit down. And as for riding, it was just impossible.
The battle would start with Saad laying on his stomach on a high roof watching the battle and
directing the Muslim army.
Saad and Abu Mahjan Al-Thaqafi
Abu Mahjan was a very famous soldier known for his sword mastery and horseback riding.
Unfortunately, Abu Mahjan had a drinking problem.
Saad caned him as Islamic law dictated and yet Abu Mahjan was simply addicted to alcohol.
Finally, Saad put him in jail.
As the fight raged on outside, Abu Mahjan, all alone in his cell, was boiling inside wishing he can
be with the Muslim army fighting on the back of a horse as he is used to. Crying in sadness, he
said few verses of poetry loosely translated as:
“It is enough sadness that the battle is outside and I am left in chains behind steel doors.
I used to have lots of friends and brothers and now I am all alone with no one around.
I give Allah a promise that I will never break: I would never drink if I am set free to fight”.
The wife of Saad Ibn Abi Waqqas heard the poetry and felt sad of Abu Mahjan. She told him
that she will set him free only if he promises to come back before sunset and not tell anyone. (It
was customary for the fight to end each night at sunset so that the armies can still see who they
are fighting).
Abu Mahjan borrowed the horse of Saad, covered his face and ran toward the battle field. Saad,
watching from the top of the building, sees this great swordsman, and said:
“The fighter looks like Abu Mahjan and the horse looks like my horse but both are here in the
castle”.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 29
Just before sunset, Abu Mahjan remembered his promise to the wife of Saad and rushed back
to jail. Along the way a woman saw him rushing back and thought he was running away from
the battle. So she said a verse of poetry:
“Ask a soldier who does not like to fight to lend me his spear and I will fight in his stead”.
Abu Mahjan replied very quickly using the same rhyme:
“Great men fight and sleep on the back of their horses; so leave the spears alone and go put
some make up on”.
Saad found out the truth and set Abu Mahjan free.
The Muslim army won the fight and the entire countries of Iraq and Persia became Muslim.
Not Caring About Position
Saad was appointed as the ruler of Iraq by Omar and he established the city of Koofah.
Obviously, Saad was devout to Islam and the teachings he learned from prophet Muhammad
(PBUH) himself.
Yet some people in Koofah complain to Omar about Saad and even accused Saad of not
knowing how to pray.
Omar sent for Saad and also for a group of the complainers. Saad told Omar how can he not
know how to pray and he prayed with prophet Muhammad (PBUH) thousands of times. Saad
stood up and prayed and Omar told him that he was never in doubt.
Omar asked the complainers what they saw from Saad and they all got very quiet afraid to lie to
Omar. One of them then said:
“Saad does not treat us equally and he treats us harshly”.
Saad did not care about the accusations and simply uttered this dua’a:
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 30
“Oh, Allah, you know that the man is lying and that he is simply showing off to his people. Oh,
Allah, make him live a long life and a very poor one”. Later the man would be seen begging on
the streets and saying: “the dua’a of Saad befell me”.
Omar asked Saad to go back to his rule of Iraq but Saad declined saying he had no interest in
positions.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 31
Abu Talha
& His Wife
Umm Sulaim
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 32
Abu Talha and His Wife Umm Sulaim
One of the First Muslims
The people of Madinah did not know much about Islam or had much contact with Muslims in
Mecca until prophet Muhammad (PBUH) met a small group of 5 during Hajj. They accepted
Islam and next year the came back and their number became twelve.
Yet Islam was practiced in Madinah secretly but starting to spread. One of the people to accept
Islam in that early stage is a woman known as Umm Sulaim. Her real name is Ghumiysa' Bint
Milhan. Later prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said about her:
“When I entered the Paradise, I heard someone's footsteps - It was explained to me that she
was Ghumiysa' bint Milhan.".
So she was one of the people prophet Muhammad (PBUH) said that they will be in Jannah.
Umm Sulaim was married and had a young son who was to have great history in Islam. His
name is Anas Ibn Malik. Her marriage was unhappy; there were constant quarrels between
husband and wife because she became a Muslim. Her husband, Malik bin Nadhar, tried his very
best make her recant and give up the new religion to which she had vowed allegiance, but he
failed and she remained loyal to her new faith. On the other hand, she started persuading her
son, Anas as well to convert to Islam . Her persistence finally paid off, and Anas read the words
signifying acceptance of Allah as the One Supreme Being and Muhammad (peace and blessings
be upon him) as His Messenger.
There were frequent violent scenes in the house, but she stood her ground, patiently and
calmly. Finally her husband left her and migrated to Syria where he was murdered.
A Dowry Like No Other
After the passing of her husband, men from Madinah knowing Umm Sulaim’s great character
came to ask her hand in marriage. One of them was a man named Zayd Ibn Sahl Al-Najjari
commonly referred to as Abu Talha Al-Ansari. His tribe is called Bani Al-Najjar, the same tribe of
the mother of prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 33
Abu Talha was a rich man with a very nice farm Madinah. Abu Talha set out for the home of
Umm Sulaim. While he was on his way, he remembered hearing that Umm Sulaim had listened
to the Makkan preacher, Mus'ab ibn Umayr, and had believed in Muhammad, sallal-lahu alayhe
wa sallam, and followed his religion. He shrugged the thought off, thinking it to be of no
concern. Umm Sulaim's late husband had clung to the religion of his forefathers, refusing to
have anything to do with Muhammad, sallallahu alayhe wa sallam, and his dawah.
When Abu Talha reached the home of Umm Sulaim, he asked permission to enter, and was
allowed to go inside.
Anas, her son, was with her. Without hesitation, Abu Talha asked for her hand in marriage. "A
man like you, Abu Talha is too good to be refused, but I want something from you before I
marry you". answered Umm Sulaim.
Abu Talha asked her what she wished for and she said for him to become a Muslim. Abu Talha
had heard of Islam but not yet given it his full thoughts.
As soon as Abu Talha heard this from Umm Sulaim he began to think of his idol, which was
made of rare and precious wood and was his personal totem, in keeping with the customs of
the nobility of his tribe. Umm Sulaim wished to strike while the iron was still hot, so she
continued: "Abu Talha, do you not know that this deity whom you worship instead of Allah
grew out of the earth?" "Of course." he answered.
"Do you not feel ashamed to be worshipping part of a tree which you have fashioned into a
God, when you know that others have taken the remainder of the tree and used it for fuel with
which to warm themselves or bake their bread? If you become a Muslim, Abu Talha, I will
accept you as a husband, and will not ask for dowry other than your acceptance of Islam." she
said.
"How do I go about becoming a Muslim?" he asked. "I will tell you," she answered. "You
pronounce the word of truth and bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that
Muhammad (PBUH) is the Messenger of Allah. Then you go home, smash your idol, and throw it
away."
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 34
Abu Talha looked pleased and said: "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear
witness that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah."
Shortly afterwards, Abu Talha married Umm Sulaim. And the Muslims of Madinah said among
themselves: "We have never heard of a dowry more virtuous than that of Umm Sulaim, for
acceptance of Islam was what she required as her dowry."
A Trip to Mecca and a Pledge to the Prophet (PBUH)
Abu Talha traveled to Mecca in a group of 70 men and two women to perform Hajj the following year.
They were in a large group of non-Muslims as to be inconspicuous and not bring Quraish’s attention to
them.
While in Minah, they snuck out of their tents late at night to go meet prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) set a condition on them to protect him (PBUH) and the Muslims coming to
them from Meccaa (Muhajereen) like they would protect their own wives and children.
The Ansaar (people from Madinah) contemplated what such a promise would entail. They knew that
war will be eventually declared against all Muslims by the Kuffar. Life will never be the same as they
knew it. They asked what they would get in return and the prophet (PBUH) promised them Jannah. The
Ansaar were not worried or interested in worldly matters. They were happy with the promise made to
them.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) asked them to choose 12 group leaders from among them and Abu Talha
was one.
Brotherhood in Islam
When prophet Muhammad (PBUH) migrated to Madinah, he combined one Muhajjer (person from
Mecca with no home or wealth) with one Ansaari (person from Madinah with an established home and
means of living in Madinah) and declared them brothers who would share everything.
Allah SWT praised the Ansaar in how they opened their hearts, homes and wealth to the refugees
(Muhajereen). The new brothers divided the workload between them where the Ansaari will work in the
field and the Muhajjer would do the selling and buying. They became equal partners even though the
people of Mecca came to them with nothing except their love of Islam.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) chose a great brother for Abu Talha: Abu Obaidah Ibn Al-Jarrah of whom
the prophet (PBUH) later would say:
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 35
“Every Ummah(nation) has a trustee (Ameen) and Abu Obaidah is the trustee of this Ummah”.
Presenting Her Son to Serve the Prophet (PBUH)
When prophet Muhammad (PBUH) came to Madinah, Umm Sulaim took her young son of 10 years of
age to the prophet (PBUH) and said:
“This is my son Anas to serve you in whatever you need”.
Anas dedicated his time to learn and serve the prophet (PUBH) and later said about his relationship:
“He (the prophet PBUH) never asked me why I did something that I should not have done nor why I did
not do something that I should have done”.
Giving His Orchard for the Sake of Allah
Abu Talha had a beautiful, fruitful orchard that he loved and prized. Upon hearing the revelation of
Quran that said (in translation):
“You will not reach the highest status until you spend [for the sake of Allah] from the wealth you love
[the most]”.
Abu Talha came to prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and told him that of all his possession, the farm was
dearest to him, he is giving it away for the sake of Allah.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) told him that he made a great bargain [as he would get much, much more
than that in Jannah]. The prophet (PBUH) told him to give that farm to his poor relatives as taking care
of one’s own relatives is a great demand and emphasis of Islam.
Invitation to Food
Anas narrates that one day Abu Talha came home and told Umm Sulaim that the Prophet
(peace and blessings be upon him) sounded very weak, possibly he was hungry. If there was
some food in the house they could have the honour of having him over for a meal. She
answered that she had some bread wrapped up in cloth. Abu Talha went to the mosque and
invited the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to join him.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) accepted and invited the people sitting there to join him at the
house of Abu Talha. All of them rose to go with the Prophet (PBUH). When Abu Talha saw this
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 36
he became nervous, because he did not have enough food for so many people. When he went
home and expressed this fear to his wife Umm Sulaim. She smiled and told him not to worry;
they would just put out all the food they had in the house. And this was what she did. The
Prophet (PBUH) came in and made a supplication to Allah for plenitude. Then he asked Abu
Talha to invite ten people from outside to eat. After they finished he asked Abu Talha, to call in
ten more. And so it went on till about seventy or eighty had taken their fill of the delicious food.
And there was food still left over!
The Passing of a Son and the Birth of Another
Umm Sulaim bore a child to Abu Talha and he loved him as much as any father would love his own child.
Unfortunately, later the child fell ill which brought a lot of stress to both mother and father.
One day the child passed away and Umm Sulaim covered him with a blanket and asked her family not to
tell Abu Talha until she would be the one to tell him. Later that night Abu Talha came and asked about
the child and Umm Sulaim said: “he has never been as calm as he is now”. She wanted to be vague until
Abu Talha had his dinner and rest.
At the end of the night, she said, “O Abu Talha, do you think that if some people lent
something to some others, then they asked for it back, do they have the right not to give it
back?” He said,“No.” She said, “Allah, may He be glorified, lent your son to you, and now He
has taken him back, so seek reward with Him and have patience.”
Umm Sulaim became pregnant again and prophet Muhammad (PBUH) prayed for her and Abu Talha to
have a good child. They both went with prophet Muhammad (PBUH) on a trip when she was close to
giving birth.
Upon returning and just before reaching Madinah, she started having labor pains and could not move.
Abu Talha stayed with her as the prophet (PBUH) and the companions were getting ready to continue
toward Madinah. Abu Talha made this dua’a to Allah:
“O Allah, You know that I like to set out with your Messenger (PBUH) when he sets out, and
come back with him when he comes back. I have been detained as You see.”
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 37
Allah answered the dua’a of Abu Talha and the labor pains Umm Sulaim quickly went away so the
hurriedly joined prophet Muhammad (PBUH) on the trip back.
Her labor pains started again, and she gave birth to a boy. She told her son Anas, “O Anas, I will
not give him anything to eat until you take him to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH),” and she
sent some dates with him. (Because she wanted the first thing to enter the child’s mouth to be
food from the Prophet (PBUH); this was a sign of her great faith, because the woman’s natural
instinct is to hasten to feed the baby as soon as he or she is born).
I [Anas, the narrator of this story] took him to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH), who was wearing
his burdah (a kind of cloak) and marking the camels and sheep that had been given to him (the
animals had been given in charity and he was marking them so that they would not get lost or
mixed with other flocks or herds). When he saw him, he said to Anas, “Has the daughter of
Milhan [i.e., Umm Sulaim] given birth?” He said, “Yes.” He said, “I will be with you in a minute.”
He put down the tool in his hand (with which he had been marking the animals) and took the
child, then he said, “Do you have something for him?” They said, “Yes, dates.”
The Prophet (PBUH) took some of the dates and chewed them, mixing them with his saliva (and
the saliva of the Prophet (PBUH) was blessed by Allah). Then he opened the child’s mouth and
gave him some of the dates, wiping them inside his mouth (this is called Tahneek and is one of
the customs among Muslims when a baby is born). The infant began to smack his lips, sucking
some of the sweetness of the dates and the saliva of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah
be upon him). Thus the first thing that entered that child’s stomach was mixed with the saliva
of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). He said, “See how much the Ansaar (the Muslims who were
living in Madinah when the Prophet migrated there) love dates!” I [Anas] said, “O Messenger of
Allah, name him.” He wiped his face and named him ‘Abd-Allah. There was no young man
among the Ansaar who was better than him, and when he grew up he had a lot of sons, and
was martyred in Persia (he died as a martyr when the Muslims conquered Persia; all of this
happened as a result of the Prophet’s blessed dua’a).
Shared Love
The love, that Abu Talha and Umm Sulaim of the prophet (PBUH), was returned in kind. Prophet
Muhammad (PBUH) would frequently visit their house and check on them.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 38
One time prophet Muhammad (PBUH) came to their house and there was Anas, Umm Sulaim and her
sister Umm Hiram were in the house. It was not time of any special Salat yet the prophet (PBUH) told
them to line up behind him (Anas next to his right and the two women behind) and prayed two Rakaat
with them. This was a way of blessing their house.
Umm Sulaim then came to prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and asked to make a special dua’a for her son
Anas and he [PBUH] made a great dua’a for Anas to live a long prosperous life which he did.
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) would sometimes come in the afternoon and he would take a nap at their
house. One day the weather was hot and prophet Muhammad (PBUH) started sweating. Umm Sulaim
took a small bottle and collected the sweat of the prophet (PBUH).
The Abolishment of Alcohol
Islam did not abolish alcohol immediately as the initial focus was to teach people about the oneness of
Allah and the main principles of Islam. The Quran weaned people off alcohol in the 3 stages over a
period of time:
1- Telling people that while there were some benefits to alcohol and gambling (one can make
money trading alcohol, money in gambling or lottery, even slight health benefits to alcohol) yet
the harm in them was much greater.
2- Ordering Muslims not to drink alcohol close to times of Salat.
3- Finally, Allah SWT made Alcohol and gambling totally Haram (forbidden) and ordered Muslims
to totally avoid all associations (trading, participation, drinking or gambling) with such activities.
When the final order came and it was late at night, prophet Muhammad (PBUH) sent someone shouting
in the streets that alcohol is now forbidden. Abu Talha had some guests in his house and they were
drinking together. They heard the noise outside so they sent Anas to find out. Anas came back and told
them that alcohol is now Haram (forbidden). Abu Talha and the Sahabah immediately stopped drinking
and poured their drinks on the ground. Abu Talha told Anas to take a hammer and break all pots which
had alcohol in it.
This demonstrates how the Sahabah (RAA) immediately reacted and abided by the orders of Allah and
the prophet (PBUH) the minute they came.
Sahabah – Module 2 - 2012
Page 39