Download Disorders

Topic: Immunity
Aim: Explain some disorders of the immune
system.
Do Now: Locomotion ISN
HW: Finish Locomotion ISN
Identify 4 noninfectious diseases and 4
infectious diseases (not from the notes)
Infectious disease
• Caused by a pathogen
• Can be transmitted
Noninfectious disease
• Not caused by a pathogen
• Cannot be transmitted
Allergies
• A reaction to
HARMLESS
substances
• Produces
HISTAMINES
which cause
symptoms
Swelling in the patient's left knee from an
allergic reaction to a wasp sting. (© Dr. P.
Marazzi/Photo
Close-up view of a boy with an allergic
reaction on his lip as a result of contact
with a latex glove. (© Dr. P. Marazzi/Photo
Researchers, Inc.)
An allergic reaction to a vaccination shot.
(Photograph by Lester V. Bergman, Corbis
Images. Reproduced by permission.)
This photograph is of someone who experienced a
severe allergic reaction to acrylics. Note the dry,
red, peeling skin around the cuticle and sidewall
lines. The lifted nail plate will grow forward as new
cells replace the old.
Autoimmune Disease
• Immune system attacks some of the body's own
cells
Abnormal antibodies in
the blood target
tissues within the body
rather than foreign
infectious agents.
Lupus can cause
disease of the skin,
heart, lungs, kidneys,
joints, and nervous
system. When only the
skin is involved, the
condition is called
discoid lupus. When
internal organs are
involved, the condition
is called systemic
lupus erythematosus
Lupus
Multiple Sclerosis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
AIDS
(Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome)
• Caused by HIV
(Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
• Weakens the immune system so
that the body can’t fight off
pathogens
The following picture shows (artificially
colored purple) viruses on the surface of a
T cell.
• Transmitted by:
–Contact with infected blood
–Sharing infected IV needles
–Sexual contact with an
infected person
Cancer
• Abnormal
cells grow &
divide
uncontrollably
• May form
tumors
Let’s summarize…:
1. Explain the difference between
infectious and noninfectious disease.
2. Identify and explain some examples
of infectious diseases.
3. Identify and explain some examples
of noninfectious diseases
http://www.brainpop.com/health/bodysys
tems/immunesystem/
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseases
injuriesandconditions/vaccines/
http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseases
injuriesandconditions/fluandfluvaccine/
Resistance to a specific disease is a(n)
1. antibiotic.
2. immunity.
3. white blood cells.
4. addiction
Once you have had the chicken pox, it
is unlikely that you will ever get the
disease again because your body
has developed a(n)
1. passive immunity.
2. addiction.
3. active immunity.
4. antibiotic.
An injection of a weakened virus that
allows one to develop immunity
against a disease is called a
1. antibody
2. vaccine
3. epidemic
4. pathogen
Which of the following parts of the
body's defense system seeks
out and destroys bacteria?
1. mucus
2. white blood cells
3. skin
4. red blood cells
Immunity that occurs when a body
makes its own antibodies is called
_________immunity.
1. Passive
2. Temporary
3. Shortened
4. Active
Infectious diseases are caused by
1. deficiencies in the diet
2. allergies
3. microscopic organisms that can be
transmitted from one organism to
another
4. malfunctioning organs
A person with AIDS is likely to develop
infectious diseases because the virus
that causes AIDS
1. destroys cancerous cells
2. damages the immune system
3. increases the rate of antibody
production
4. increases the rate of microbe
destruction
In some individuals, the immune
system attacks substances that are
usually harmless, resulting in
1. an allergic reaction
2. a form of cancer
3. an insulin imbalance
4. a mutation