Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download HH-Unit-4-LOs - Lesmahagow High School
Document related concepts
Transcript
Lesmahagow High School Higher Human Biology Unit 4 – Immunology and Public Health - Learning Outcomes Key Area 1 – Non-Specific Defences • Name some of the body’s physical and chemical defence • State when an inflammatory response might occur • Describe the steps and cells involved in the inflammatory • Describe the specificity of lymphocyte receptors • Describe the roles of 2 types of T-lymphocytes in • State the benefits of having memory cells. • Describe the role of T lymphocytes in recognising self barriers • Explain the role of epithelial cells in defence response • Describe the role and process of phagocytosis • Describe the action of natural killer (NK) cells Key Area 2 – Specific Cellular Defences • Describe what is meant by Immune Surveillance • Describe what is meant by Clonal Selection Theory response to infection • Describe the role of B-lymphocytes in response to infection • Describe what is meant by immunological memory and non-self • Explain what is meant by an autoimmune disease in relation to lymphocyte regulation • State what is meant by the term ‘allergy’ and give examples of common allergic reactions Page 1 of 3 Lesmahagow High School Higher Human Biology Unit 4 – Immunology and Public Health - Learning Outcomes Key Area 3 – Transmission and Control of Infectious Diseases • Name 5 types of pathogen • Describe both the individual and community responsibility of controlling transmission of infectious diseases • Describe the role of epidemiologists • State what is meant by sporadic, endemic, epidemic and • Name a disease caused by each type of pathogen • Name 6 methods infectious diseases can be transmitted from person to person • Name 5 methods the transmission of infectious diseases can be controlled pandemic • Describe possible control measures that can be used to prevent transmission of infectious diseases Page 2 of 3 Lesmahagow High School Higher Human Biology Unit 4 – Immunology and Public Health - Learning Outcomes Key Area 4 – Active Immunisation and vaccination and the evasion of specific immune responses by pathogens • State how active immunity can be achieved • Describe what a vaccine is • Describe the effect of a vaccine on the immune system immediately after vaccination • Describe the effect of a vaccine on the immune system when the body comes into contact with the same pathogen in later life • Give examples of antigens used in vaccines • State why clinical trials are important • Describe what is meant by a randomised, double blind, placebo- controlled protocol. • State what is meant by herd immunity • Describe the benefit of herd immunity to non-immune individuals • Describe the importance of herd immunity in reducing the spread of disease • State that the herd immunity threshold depends on a number of factors • Give examples of barriers to herd immunity in the developing world • Give examples of barriers to herd immunity in the developed world • Describe the process of antigenic variation • Give examples of pathogens that use antigenic variation • Describe why antigenic variation poses a problem to public health • Describe how to set up an experiment to view the antibody-antigen interaction • Describe how HIV overcomes the immune response • Describe how TB can avoid the immune response Page 3 of 3
