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PROPAGATION Sexual Recombination of genetic materials to form a unique genetic individual Asexual Use of vegetative organs to create plantlets genetically identical to the parent plant Asexual Propagation ASEXUAL PROPAGATION ADVANTAGES Plants are uniform Quick establishment of plants Only means of propagation in certain speices Seedborne diseases avoided Less expensive Heterozygous material may be propageted without genetic alteration DISADVANTAGES Systemic viral infection can spread to all plants Planting materials are bulky Storage of asexual material is cumbersome and usually short term Genetically identical and thus subject to the same hazards Mechanized propagation in some cases not practical ASEXUAL PROPAGATION Divisions Cuttings Layers Grafting/budding Tissue Culture DIVISION - SEPARATION Remove loose soil Remove dead leaves and stems Note root system of plant Spreading Clumping Rhizome Tuber SEPARATION Spreading root systems Many slender roots from center of plant Plants can be invasive Cut with shears or pulled apart by hand Asters, bee balm, lamb’s ear, purple coneflower, many common perennials SEPARATION Clumping root systems Many fleshy roots from crown of plant Can crowd own centers Keep one bud/eye with each division Astilbes, hostas, daylilies, orn. Grasses SEPARATION Rhizome division ‘Horizontal stems’, Primarily bearded iris Divide after flowering through fall Cut and discard rhizome sections > 1 year Inspect for disease and insect damage Cut back leaves to ‘fans’ Replant with top of rhizome above soil level SEPARATION Tuberous roots Enlarged roots for storage Divide with sharp knife Each root must contain stem tissue and bud Can be replanted or stored Dahlias CUTTINGS Vegetative plant part which is severed from the parent plant in order to regenerate itself, thereby forming a whole new plant Leaves, stems, roots CUTTINGS Herbaceous: succulent, soft materials (green) Softwood: soft, succulent growth of woody plants Semi-Hardwood: partially mature wood of the current season’s growth Mid summer, leaves present CUTTINGS Hardwood: dormant, mature stems Taken before spring growth 6-12 inches Grapes, roses, honeysuckle Conifer: Obtained in early spring Prefer cool and humid conditions Juniper, spruce CUTTINGS: SHOOT Terminal Bud Axillary Bud Stem Leaf Adventitious Roots CUTTINGS Cane/Shoot Cutting Leaves Stems Buds CUTTINGS: LEAF Terminal Bud New bud Axillary Bud Stem Leaf LEAF CUTTINGS Full or partial leaf cuttings African violet, sansivieria Leaf-vein cuttings Plantlets Leaf-bud cuttings Rhododendron Leaf Cutting Leaf only CUTTINGS: LEAF-VEIN CUTTINGS: HARDWOOD CUTTINGS: HARDWOOD Cut end of branch Cambium exposed LAYERING Stems still attached to their parent plant may form roots where they touch a rooting medium Severed from the parent plant, the rooted plant becomes a new plant LAYERING METHODS Tip Layer Stooling Simple Layer Air Layer Compound Layer Stolons AIR LAYER Useful procedure on leggy plants Wound stem and cover with moist medium to induce rooting
