Download Guided notes - third block - Ms. Tamayo

Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
Greek Political Systems and Wars
Early Greece
 After the ___________________________ and the ________________________________ (1100 BCE-800 BCE) the
Greeks began to establish ___________________________________ the way we know today.
 Buildings were constructed for the ______________________________ and there was a
____________________________ oligarchy rule.
 ______________________________: form of government in which all power is held by
_________________________________________ or by a dominant class or clique;
government by the ____________. Rulers _______________________________________________.
Early Greece – Expansion
 Men ____________________ and ________________________ city-states (think:
_________________________________________)
 City-states: ______________________ = city-state - considered “___________________________” that had their
own rules and _________________, their own ________________________________, and their own
____________________________.
 City-states all started out as _________________________________ but they were all eventually
______________________________ by citizens.
Early Greece – Tyrants
 One person of ________________________________- trying to hold political power.
 Power taken ______________________________.
 They needed the ________________________ of _____________________________.
 Tyrants were like _______________________, but they didn’t have the initial ________________________ to
_______________.
Early Greece – Government
 Government varied from __________________________________________.
 Islands, ________________________, ________________________________ separated areas, etc.
 Most areas were ruled either by a ________________________ or an ______________________________.
 _____________________________ emerges as a strong _______________________ and speaker. He developed the
idea of _________________________________.
 ______________________________: government by the people; a form of ______________________________
in which the supreme __________________ is held by the
Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
people and exercised ______________________ by them or by their
elected ________________________________ under a free system.
Democracy – Who had Rights?
 Only ___________________________ could vote
 __________________________________, both parents had to be from Athens (Athenian)
 No ______________________________________________________ or people from other Greek city-states.
Democracy Spreads
 Slowly, other city-states began to introduce __________________________________.
 Democracy was ___________________________ to other ________________________________ areas as well.
 How?
 The _____________________________________________ is based on Athenian ________________________________.
 __________________________________ was developed in __________________________ as well: a group of
_____________________ decides if a person is ___________________________________ of committing a crime after
hearing all ________________________________.
Political Theories
 Ideas spread city to city by debating ________________________________
 Think: ___________________________________________________________
 ____________________: Democracy (excluded were those who were women, children, and people who
weren’t citizens)
 ______________________: Oligarchy (ruled by only a few select people – had 2 kings)
Ancient Greek Wars
 ______________________________ Wars
 ___________________________ War
 ___________________________War
Ancient Greek Wars
 Peloponnesian Wars: _________________________________
 Battles ___________________________ for where they were ___________________________.
 Between _______________________ and ___________________________
Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
 _______________________: democracy, education, culture, learning
 ______________________: military, warriors, defense
 Joined together to defeat _____________________________________ (480-479 BCE)
Ancient Greek Wars
 First _______________________________________________ (460-446 BCE) caused by Athens spreading
_________________ and Sparta being ___________________________ by it.
 Power struggle between _______________________________________
 At the end of the war, the ______________________________ was _____________________________
 Only lasted for ______________________________ since ______________________helped one of
__________________________allies in another _______________________.
 Sparta threatened war in late summer __________________________, but war only fought in
__________________ and ______________________ so fighting started the next year.
The Course of the _______________________
 Constant ______________________________ by the other for ______________________.
 Both sides claimed ________________________, but neither could claim ____________________________________.
 One of _____________________________’ new generals helped ____________________ to defeat _________________
in Sicily, and ______________________ government and __________________________ suffered.
 _______________________ regained strength and continued to fight despite ______________________ constant
offerings of peace.
The End of the War
 Eventually, ______________________ (with the help of __________________) defeated _____________________ and
blocked their main port of _______________________ (ships dock and bring food to
__________________________).
 _____________________________ began starving to death so in ___________________________, Athens
surrendered.
 _______________________ would never regain its _______________________ in learning or culture again (why
these wars were considered a turning point in _____________________).
 Greek ______________________________ would never again have ______________________________.
Persian War
 fought by _______________________________________________________ over a period of almost half a century.
Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
 fighting was most intense during _____________________________ that ____________________ launched against
mainland ____________________________ between ____________________________________
 Although the ____________________________ empire was at the peak of its _______________________, the
collective defense mounted by the _____________________________overcame seemingly impossible odds
and even succeeded in liberating ____________________________________
 Greek triumph ensured the survival of _________________________________ and political structures long
after the demise of the ____________________________________
Persian War
 ___________________________________ extended their rule from the ______________________________ to
the ___________________________________
 ________________________________ gradually conquered the ___________________________________________ along
the coast
 ______________________ the Greek city-states on the western coast of Anatolia rose up in rebellion
against Persia
 Uprising, known as the ______________________________ (500–494 bc), failed, but its consequences for
the mainland __________________________ were ___________________________________
 Battles continued for ____________________________, but in ________________________ the Peace
of __________________________ finally ended the hostilities between ________________________ and its allies
and ______________________.
Trojan War – The Dispute
 The 3 ___________________________ asked __________________________ who was the most
__________________________
 Zeus refused to answer and sent them to ______________________________
 The 3 Goddesses gave offers to Paris until he chose 1 goddess:
 ________________
 Promised to make him lord of Europe, and Asia
 __________________
 Promised he would lead the Trojans to victory and leave Greece in ruins
 ___________________________
 Promised the fairest woman in all the world would be his
The Decision
Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
 Paris chose ___________________________ offer, and he would receive the
____________________________________________
 _______________________, Zeus’s daughter
 However, Helen was already _________________________________, the king of Sparta and brother of
Agamemnon
 Menelaus went to find _______________________ and called upon all of _______________________ to help him
 The __________________________________ started and lasted for ___________________________
The Greeks versus The Trojans
 _____________________: Hera, Athena, Poseidon, Agamemnon, Menelaus
 ____________________: Paris, Aphrodite, Ares (God of War), Apollo, Artemis, Hector, Zeus
 _________________________________________ would fight it out alone for __________________________
 The war could have ended here, but Hera and Athena wanted to ruin ____________________. Athena
ordered a Trojan to shoot at _____________________________ and the battle begins with everyone.
The War Continues
 Agamemnon wanted to sail home
 Hera had her plans
 She would talk to _______________________in hopes that he couldn’t resist her
 Zeus fell for it, and the battle turned in favor of the ___________________________
 Hector felt that he could not be killed, until he is found lying in the plains where Zeus finds him
 ______________________ is blamed
 At Hector’s funeral, it is described that the __________________________ends
The Fall of Troy
 With Hector dead, __________________________ knew he would die soon because his mother had
predicted it
 His last battle was against the King of ___________________________, and when he is killed his
body is carried out by ______________________
 ______________________ wanted to kill Agamemnon and Menelaus for turning the vote against him
 Troy couldn’t fall until they were fought against with _____________________________________ of
Hercules
Name: _______________________
Date: _____________________
Block: ___________
Taking the bow and arrows
 _____________________________ died by Prince _____________________________
 ________________________________, other Neoptolemus aka Pyrrhus (the young of Achilles) took the
bow/arrows
 _______________________ was wounded by it and wanted to go to Oenone, a nymph who was with him
before he met the three goddess
 She knew a drug that could help him
 He always _______________________________________ and therefore she ____________________ help him
 He died
False security
 ***Although Troy had lost Paris it was okay because as long as they had Palladium, Troy couldn’t
be taken
 ____________________________ passed and troy was as ___________________________ as ever. The Greeks came
up with the plan to make a ______________________________… the others stayed people of Greeks near
the island so they could sail home
Greece wins
 Priest Laocoon feared the horse because it had come from Greece
 The Greeks hoped the Trojans would try to destroy it causing Athena’s anger upon them
 They brought it to the temple of Athena and in the middle of the night everyone returned to
their houses
 Aphrodite was the only god who helped a Trojan. She helped Helen and gave her to Menelaus, they
sailed to Greece