Download Chromosome DNA Genes Genetic information

Genetika – definice slov - 1
Chromosome
Thread-like structures carrying
genetic information and found
in the nucleus of a cell.
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid the material of inheritance,
makes up chromosomes.
Genes
Short sections of DNA carrying
genetic information that make
individual characteristics.
Genetic
information
Information carried by genes
and passed on from one
generation to the next.
Gametes
Sex cells, produced during
sexual reproduction. E.g. sperm,
egg, pollen.
Nucleus
An organelle found in living cells
which contains genetic information
in the form of chromosomes.
Genetika – definice slov - 2
Resemble
Organisms with the same genes will
have similar characteristics,
or r……………. each other.
Asexual
reproduction
A type of reproduction involving
only one parent. The offspring have
the same genes as each other and as
their parent.
Sexual
reproduction
A type of reproduction involving a
male and a female parent. The
offspring all have different genes
(unless they are twins) and are
different from their parents.
Variation
Individuals that have different
genes and therefore different
characteristics show v...............
Allele
A version of a particular gene e.g.
the gene for flower colour has a red
version and a white version.
Clone
Offspring produced by asexual
reproduction which are identical to
their parent organism.
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Cuttings
A method of asexual reproduction
in plants where a small piece of
a plant is cut off then grown
separately from its parent to make
a new plant.
Tissue cloning
Getting a few cells from a desirable
plant to make a big mass of identical
cells, each of which can be grown
on to produce a tiny identical plant.
Embryo cloning
Splitting cells apart from
a developing embryo before
they become specialised to
produce several identical
embryos.
Genetic
engineering
A technique for changing the
genetic information of a cell.
Insulin
A hormone which controls blood
sugar level; it can be made by
genetically engineered bacteria.
Plasmid
A small section of DNA found
in bacteria. It is used in genetic
engineering to insert a useful
gene from a different organism.