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Download Quiz: Volcanoes Study Guide
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Name_____________________________________________________________________Per_______Date__________ Volcano Quiz Study Guide Types of Lava a’a = slower-moving, cooler lava with high viscosity; hardens into a rough surface with jagged chunks pahoehoe = fast-moving, hot lava with low viscosity; forms wrinkles, billows, and ropelike coils Volcanic Material lava = when magma reaches the surface and cools magma = a molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle ash = hardened lava fragments that are fine, rocky particles as small as a speck of dust cinders = hardened lava fragments that are pebble-sized bombs = hardened lava fragments that range from the size of a baseball to the size of a car pyroclastic flow= occurs when an explosive eruption hurls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs viscosity =the resistance of a liquid to flowing; low viscosity flows freely, high viscosity resist flowing silica = a compound made up of oxygen and silicon particles Where Volcanoes Form convergent boundary = two plates moving together; one plate subducts causing a volcano to form divergent boundary= two plates moving apart; allows magma to rise to the surface and causes a volcano to form hot spot= an area where material deep within the mantle rises and then melts forming magma; a volcano forms above a hot spot when magma erupts through the crust and reaches the surface Types of Rock rhyolite (granite) = light-colored rock formed from high silica magma basalt= dark-colored rock formed from low silica magma Other volcano= a mountain formed when magma comes to the surface and builds up Ring of Fire = a major volcanic belt formed by the many volcanoes that surround the Pacific Ocean island arc= a string of volcanic islands Viscosity of Magma Thickness Ability to Flow Temperature Silica Content Color Rock Formed High Thick difficult, like cold honey lower (cooler) High light colored Rhyolite (like granite) Low Thin easy, like water higher (hot) Low dark colored Basalt Name_____________________________________________________________________Per_______Date__________
