Download Unit 1 Lesson 1 Notes - Belle Vernon Area School District

Unit 1
Lesson 1
Assignment: Read Pages 2-11
Questions #1,2,3,6,8,10,11,12,13 (9pts)
Discovery of the microscope Timeline:
1000 AD – polished stones for reading
1665 – Robert Hooke invented light microscope
1931 – Ernest Ruska developed the electron microscope
1981 – Scanning microscope invented (computer based)
Cell Basics
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Smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms
Organism is any living things
Unicellular- one cell
Multicellular – many cells
Why are most cells small? Limited by outer surface area. As a cell grows it needs
more food and produces more waste. As it grows its volume increases faster than its
surface area. Small cells have greater surface area to volume ratio.
(pg 7 of book for explanation)
The Cell Theory
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The three basic characteristics of all organisms
1. All organisms are made of one or more cells. (Schleiden)
2. The cell is the basic unit of life (Schwann)
3. All cells come from existing cells (Virchow)
Things found in all Cells
1.) Cell Membrane
- Protective covering determines what goes in and out
- Lets in water (H2O) and Oxygen (O2)
2.) Cytoplasm
- Region enclosed by the cell membrane includes fluid and all organelles
3.) Organelles
- Small bodies that perform specific functions for the cell
4.) DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
- Instructions for all cell processes
- Found in the nucleus (in eukaryotic cells)
Types of Cells
1.)
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Prokaryotic
Single celled organism with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles.
DNA in cytoplasm (no nucleus)
Contain ribosomes that make proteins (no membranes)
Ex: bacteria and archea
2.)
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Eukaryotes
Organism made up of cells that contain their DNA in a nucleus
Contain membrane bound organelles and ribosomes
Ex: Animals, Plants, Protists, Fungi
Assignment Lesson Review pg 13 (pts 9)