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THE PERIODIC TABLE chemical symbol – is a shorthand way of writing the name of an element. (like a nickname) elements are found in the Periodic Table ex: Fe = Iron C = Carbon Ca = Calcium Either one capital letter or one capital letter plus one or two lowercase letters. - first letter of the elements name - first letter of the elements name plus another letter from the name - some symbols come from the latin name for the element ex: Silver – Ag (Argentum) Iron – Fe (Ferrum) ATOMIC NUMBER… – is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Identifies the element. Unique. - also tell you the number of electrons in a neutral atom. WHAT INFORMATION IS ON THE PERIODIC TABLE? Atomic Mass -nucleus contains majority of mass of atom. -mass of proton is about the same as mass of neutron (1 amu) -Atomic mass unit (amu) –used to measure mass of the atom. -Defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon atom Mass number – sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom FINDING # NEUTRONS… #neutrons = mass number – atomic number Examples 1. Boron (B) 2. Sodium (Na) atomic # atomic # mass # mass # p+ p+ e- e- n0 n0 ISOTOPES …are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. can have different properties because most elements have more than one isotope, each element is given an average atomic mass- this is the number on the periodic table Ex 1: Carbon – 12 and Carbon - 14