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Climate Study Sheet Please study these climates and be able to identify them on the test. TROPICAL CLIMATES - get their names from the Tropics from about 30’N to 30’S. Temperatures change very little. 1. Tropical Rain Forest: Warm and wet all year. Up to 100 inches of rain. Largest is Amazon. Covered in lush vegetation and dense forest. 2. Tropical Savanna Warm rainy season and a hot, dry season. Few trees. Mostly covered in broad grasslands called savanna. MID-LATITUDE CLIMATES-found from 30’N to 60’N and 30’S to 60’S Most of the world’s people live here. Temperatures change with seasons. There are many varieties of climates due to the mix of warm air from the tropics and cool air from the poles that meet here. 1. Marine West Coast Coastal areas with wind blowing in from ocean. Mild, rainy winter and cool summer. 2. Mediterranean Similar to climate near Mediterranean Sea. Mild, rainy winter and hot, dry summer. 3. Humid Continental Inland areas far from coast. Harsher climates. Long, cold, snowy winters and short, hot summers. 4. Humid Subtropical Mid-latitude regions near tropics. Rain falls all year but mostly in hot, humid summer. Short, mild winter. HIGH LATITUDE CLIMATES- found mostly in the areas from 60’N to the North Pole and from 60’S to the South Pole. Always cold. 1. Subarctic Just below Arctic Circle. Huge evergreen forests grow here. Severely cold winters and barely above freezing summer. 2. Tundra Vast rolling plain without trees. Only grasses, berries, and wildflowers grow. Top inches of soil thaw in summer while bottom layers are permafrost, or permanently frozen. 3. Ice Cap Antarctica, Greenland, and polar ice caps. No vegetation grows. Average below freezing all year. 4. Highland Mountains and high elevations. Cold or cool year round. Thin air can’t hold heat as well as low elevations. DRY CLIMATES - Areas that receive little or no rainfall. Temperatures can be extremely hot in the day and cold at night. Can be found anywhere. 1. Desert Found at any latitude. Less than 10 inches of rain a year. Only plants, like cactus, with roots close to the surface can survive. 2. Steppe Partly dry grassland that surrounds desert. Only average 10 to 20 inches of rain a year. Bushes and short grasses.