Download Ch 30 Fishes and Amphibians

Ch 30 Fishes and Amphibians
30.1 Fishes
A. What is a Fish? – Fish belong to the phylum ________________________, subphylum
_____________________. All chordates share four traits: ____________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________.
All vertebrates have: bilateral symmetry, coelom, endoskeleton, closed circulatory system, nervous
system with complex brains, sense organs and efficient respiratory systems.
1. Three classes of fishes:
a. Class __________________________________________ (ex: lamprey, hagfish)
b. Class ____________________________________________ fish, sharks and rays
c. Class ________________________________________________ fish
2. Fishes breathe using gills – as fish take water in through the _________________, water
passes over the ____________ where O2 and CO2 are exchanged through _______________________
in the gills. The water then exits out __________________________________.
3. Fishes have two-chambered hearts – one chamber receives __________________________
from the body and the second ___________________________ directly to the capillaries of the gills
4. Fishes reproduce sexually – fertilization is _______________in most fish where eggs are
released in protected areas. _________________________________ show internal fertilization
a. spawning –
5. Most fish have ________________________ – classes Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
a. fins –
6. Fishes have ________________________________________________ – some fish have
acute sense of smell. Ex: sharks can follow a trail of blood for several kilometers.
a. lateral line system –
7. Most fishes have _________________
a. scales –
8. Most fishes have _________________________
9. Bony fishes have ___________________________________brae that provide flexibility
10. Bony fishes have ___________________________
a. swim bladder –
B. Diversity of Fishes
1. __________________________________________ –hagfish feed on dead or dying fish by
drilling a hole and sucking. Lampreys attach their mouths and suck blood. Endoskeleton made of
cartilage.
a. cartilage –
2. Sharks, skates, rays are ______________________________ fishes
30.2 Amphibians
A. What is an Amphibian? – _______________________________________________ (“double
life”) includes three orders. All have thin, moist skin and four legs. Fertilization is external, eggs lack
shells and are laid in water.
a. order ___________________: salamanders and newts
b. order ___________________: frogs and toads
c. order ___________________: legless caecilians w/ eyes and skin
1. Amphibians are ectotherms – more common in ________________ temperatures
a. ectotherm –
2. Amphibians undergo metamorphosis – fertilized ____________ hatch into _____________,
which posses gills, fins and a two-chambered heart then, ________________ posses legs, lungs and a
three-chambered heart.
3. Walking requires more energy – _______________________ receives oxygen rich blood
from the lungs and skin, another chamber receives ________________ blood from body tissues and
the third chamber pumps blood _________________________
B. Diversity of Amphibians
1. Frogs and toads belong to the order of Anura –frogs have long hind legs, moist skin. Toads
have short legs, and bumpy, dry skin. Both eat insects and some can produce toxins in the skin
a. vocal cord –
2. Salamanders belong to the order Caudata – have ______________________ and lack claws
3. Caecilians are ___________________ amphibians