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Download T11 - Perci II to Tetraodont
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WFB 232 Ichthyology Taxonomy, Week 10 18 April 2005 SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATA Class Actinopterygii Subclass Neopterygii Division Teleostei Subdivision Euteleostei Superorder Acanthopterygii Order Perciformes (virtually everything else…) 148 families, ~ 9,293 species spiny-rayed fishes thoracic or jugular pelvic fins pelvic girdle usually connected to cleithra pectoral fins high on sides, w. vertical fin base 5-8 branchiostegal rays; ≤ 24 vertebrae physoclistic, usually ctenoid scales Family Percidae - perches, darters, walleye circumpolar, fresh water important sport fishes Family Carangidae - jacks, remoras Family Scombridae – tuna, mackerel Family Gobiidae - gobies, mudskippers Family Blennidae - blennies Family Pomacentridae - damselfishes, clownfishes, anemone fishes Family Labridae - wrasses tropical, subtropical many sex-changers several cleaner species Family Scaridae - parrotfishes tropical, subtropical coral-eaters sex change common Family Carangidae – jacks, pompanos Family Cichlidae warm, freshwater family speciose in African rift lakes important commercially Order Pleuronectiformes (flatfishes) compressiform, after developmental torsion change color on upper surface to match background mostly marine, a few deep sea species; many commercially important species Family Pleuronectidae – right-eye flounders Family Bothiidae, etc. – left-eye flounders -1- Order Tetraodontiformes (puffers, triggerfish, ocean sunfish, boxfish) strong jaws, small mouths strong incisors or beak substantial modifications to cranial osteology Family Tetraodontidae – puffers highly poisonous Family Balistidae - triggerfish feeds on corals and sea urchins balistiform swimming mode massive incisor-like teeth locking dorsal spines (first dorsal locked in place by second dorsal spine) Family Ostracidae – cowfish, boxfish tropical, nearshore fishes bony carapace Family Molidae – ocean sunfish marine, pelagic, no pelvic fins, reduced caudal fin balistiform swimming mode diet – jellyfish highly fecund (~ 300 million eggs) -2-
