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CLA 3930,0957 Quiz # 4 ANSWERS _________________ F'04, Dr. J. Turner (take home, 20pts..) Student Name Due Tuesday. 11/30 @end of class-some items covered in that lecture & rest of Pomeroy 1.(1/5 pt.ea.) True/False Put T or F in ea blank as is appropriate. _F__the Athenian state paid for the education of orphans, but not for sons of war veterans. _T__ Much education was by rote & boys had to study Homer’s Iliad & Odyssey.. _T__slaves could earn money & buy their freedom _F__Spartans worked alongside their slaves, as did the Athenians _T__ the best educated class of Greek women were the hetairai (= type of prostitutes). 2.-3.(1/4 pt.ea) Fill in the blanks. In the Athenian social class structure many of the lowest, landless "citizen" class had an occupation as 'rowers' (Grk=thetes) in the navy. "Non-citizen" classes included metics(= resident aliens) usually occupied in trade/business, and a larger slave class ca. 25% of total pop. A male citizen's "public" social life required participation in the Jury & in the ekklesia, & in religion. Most Greek houses had a dining room for men's dinner parties known as (Gk word in pl.= symposia). Athenian girls married in their teens to a groom usually ca.15years older.. Marriage betw/ 1st or 2nd cousins was common to protect family property. A bride had a dowry wh/ had to be returned to her in cases of divorce. Athenian law required an _epikleros_ (=a "brotherless heiress") to marry her nearest male kinsman on her father's side of the family 4.(1/5 pt ea.)True/False .Put T or F in appropriate blank. __F_ sophists were travelling professors who received a good reputation bec. they could teach how to argue either side of a disputed question. _T__ "fast dog" was the school/gym for non-citizen boys in Athens _T__At 2ndary school boys often acquired an older male 'mentor'/lover _F_ Pausanias in the Symposium says Heavenly Aphrodite is best bec.it is love of the body. _F__ In the Gortyn (Krete) law code (Spyridakis) penalty for adultery was usually death. 5. (1/5pt.ea.) T/F (True/False) Put T or F, as is appropriate in each blank. _T__ In Stoic philos., suicide was ok bec. it was the ultimate assertion of individual freedom. _T__ As teen hostage @Thebes, Philip II learned how a small army can defeat a larger army _T_ In Plato, Apology, Sokrates says in his defense besides recent accusers he has old accusers from when Aristophanes misportrayed him in the comic play, Clouds. _F__ In jail, Sokrates discussing death says that the pious go to a higher Earth above & are re-united w/their (re-constructed) bodies. _T__ Vergina is the probable site of the tomb of Philip II of Macedonia. 6-7.(1/4 pt.ea.) The 2 charges against Sokrates were: “Impiety” & _corrupting the youth_, but he was prosecuted mainly for _political_ reasons bec. of earlier ties to the _Tyranny of the Thirty_ (=group who briefly ruled Athens in 403 B.C.). Sokrates is imp. in Greek philosophy bec. his teaching was a change to focus on _man_. For Post-Sokratics a main interest was how man should live. Two of Sokrates' students whose writings provide information about him were Xenophon & Plato. Plato's student (=Aristotle ) differed on the concept of "ideal forms" & in 335 B.C., began his own "school" named the Lykeion/Lyceum. 8-9 (1/4 pt.ea.).Fill in the blanks. A school of philosophy wh/believed in "joy of a simple life." was the _Cynic_ school. Its' most famous exemplar was _Diogenes_ who wore only a barrel, drank from his hands. Zeno founded the Stoic _ philosophy, which stressed "virtuous living", happiness through living in accord with _Nature_--which is "the expression of Divine Will." Epicureans believed (Grk word =_ataraxia [=pleasure]_) is the chief good--wh/ they defined as "_absence of pain_". The Skeptic philos. Founder (= _Pyrrho_ of Elis) wrote nothing, but his pupil (= _Timon__) wrote about basic Skeptic questions.. 10-12.(1/4 pt. ea. Blank) In Plato's Symposium, Aristophanes says originally there were 3 sexes = man (child)-from the Sun; _woman__--from the Earth; &__man-woman (androgynous) --from the Moon. Zeus, fearing their power (did what?)__split them in half_ . Therefore, “True Love” = finding your _other half____ wh/ = your “Soul mate.” Greek medicine was based on the idea of the body’s 4 _humors_.In late 5th c. B.C., Hippokrates founded the 1st known "teaching hospital" on island of _Kos/Cos_ where doctors were priests of the healing god named _Apollo/Asklepios__. The hospital's body of medical writings known as the __Hippokratic Corpus_wasn't compiled until 3 centuries later (Hellenistic era) when famed researchers included :__Herophilus__, who invented medical terms such as retina, neuron, duodenum; & _Erasistratos_ who dissected brains & knew that the brain & spinal column controlled different nerves. 13-14. MATCHING l/5 pt. ea. Put letter of best answer in appropriate blank. _J___ Sokrates' 'inner voice' wh/indicated something was wrong A) Vergina _I___believed that gods had no effect on human life & that B) Eratosthenes man should look inward, ignore the outside world C) Aristarchos _H__ "No knowledge is certain; therefore nothing matters" D) Antiochos IV _K__ his "Philippics" warned Athens of Philip II's ambition E) Archimedes _L__said, "The unexamined life is not worth living." F) Isis _D__ his attempts (177-164B.C.) to Hellenize the Jews G) Pella provoked uprising of Judas Maccabaeus H) Skeptics _C__credited w/"Helio-centric" view of the Universe I) Epicurus _A__ site of burials for ancient Macedonian Greek royalty J) daimōnion _B__made fairly accurate estimate of Earth's circumference K) Demosthenes _F__ Imp. ex. of Hellenization of Egyptian religion L) Sokrates 15-17.(1/4 pt. ea.)Thebes ended Sparta's power in 371 B.C. at battle of _Leuktra/Leuctra_. Two imp. Theban generals, Epaminondas & _Pelopidas_ used new tactics, giving Thebes pwr until 362 B.C. at B. of _Mantinea_. The 3 most influential ppl in Alex. the Great's life were: _Philip II (father)_; his teacher -=_Aristotle_; & _Olympias (mother)_-= who gave him idea of his divine birth. Philip II’s victory @ at B. of _Chaeronea_, 338 B.C, united Greece. Before going to Persia, Alex. performed rites at the city of _Dion_. Alex. founded many cities, but most famed was Alexandria,Egypt -- esp. imp. for its' library/research center named _Mouseion/Museum & begun by Alex's successor named Ptolemy (I) whose dynasty ended in 30 B.C.E. with _Kleopatra VII_'s death. The other 2 successors of Alex. were: Antigonos I_ (Greece) & _Seleukos/Seleucus I_ (Asia/Syria). 18. (1/2 pt. ea.) Briefly, in a few sentences discuss: 1)how useful Philip of Macedon's accomplishments were to Alexander; Philip II’s main accomplishments, crucial to Alexander’s success, were:_1) built up Macedonian military; 2) conquered/united Greece; 3) goal(s)/vision—to conquer Persian empire. Philip II thus laid the necessary groundwork which enabled (equally talented) Alexander within 2 years of Philip II’s death, after suppressing minimal Greek uprisings, to invade Persia, executing Philip II’s goals & expanding them further by conquests all the way to India. & 2) discuss what you think was Alex. the Great's greatest achievement & explain why_____ This answer has some ‘wiggle room’—can be to a degree a matter of ‘educated’ personal opinion. Therefore, the T.A.s will assess these answers as they grade these quizzes._ 19-20.. Matching: (1/5 pt. ea.) Put letter of best answer in appropriate blank. __L___lst involved Greece w/Roman Empire A) Korinth __I___Rome made it the "free port" instead of Rhodes,166B.C. B) Odeion __J___wrongly believed man’s intellect was seated in the heart C) Ptolemy V __A__Greek city Rome destroyed as "object lesson" l46 BC D) Gandhara __H__author of famous saying, “Eureka!” (= “I’ve found it.”) E) Polybios/Polybius __G__ site of "breakaway" kingdom betw/ Bactria & Seleukid Asia F) Pella __B__ theater in center of Roman Athens' agora, gift of Agrippa G) Parthia __E__ Greek historian, Roman hostage@ Scipio's home, wrote H) Archimedes history to explain Romans' success to Greeks I) Delos __D__ art/sculpture style-legacy of Alex. & Greeks in India, origin of J) Aristotle monumental Buddhist sculpture (Greek techniques, Indian motifs) K) Thebes _C_praised on Rosetta Stone for putting down a rebellion L) 2nd Macedonian War 1 pt. E.C.: (1/2 pt. ea.)Write in Grk: Alexandros_______; Hippocratēs_______________________