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CLA 3930,0016 Quiz # 4 –ANSWERS _________________ F'06, Dr. J. Turner (take home, 20pts..) Student Name Due Tuesday. 12/5 BY 3:00 P.M. in Dr. Turner’s office, 138 Dauer Hall, NOT LATER! 1.(1/5 pt.ea.) True/False Put T or F in ea blank as is appropriate. __T__In Athens, slaves granted their freedom became metics rather than citizens. __T__ Much education was by rote & boys had to study Homer’s Iliad & Odyssey.. __T__slaves could earn money & buy their freedom _F__Spartans worked alongside their slaves, as did the Athenians __T_ Athenian resident aliens often were wealthy from business(es), but could not own land.. 2.-3.(1/4 pt.ea) Fill in the blanks. In the Athenian social class structure many of the lowest, landless "citizen" class had an occupation as 'rowers' (Grk=_thetes_) in the navy. "Noncitizen" classes included _metics__(= resident aliens) usually occupied in _business/trade__, and a larger slave class ca. 25% of total pop. A male citizen's "public” life required participation in the Jury & in the _ekklesia/Assembly_, & in religion. Most Greek houses had a dining room for men's dinner parties known as (Gk word in pl.= _symposia_). Athenian girls married in their teens to a groom usually ca.15 years older. Marriage betw/ _first/2nd_ cousins was common to protect family property. A bride had a __dowry_ wh/ had to be returned to her in cases of divorce. Athenian law required an _epiklēros_ (=a "brotherless heiress") to marry her nearest male kinsman on her father's side of the family. 4.(1/5 pt ea.)True/False .Put T or F in appropriate blank. _F__ sophists were travelling professors who received a good reputation bec. they could teach how to argue either side of a disputed question. __T__ "fast dog" was the school/gym for non-citizen boys in Athens __T_At 2ndary school boys often acquired an older male 'mentor'/lover __F_ Pausanias in the Symposium says Heavenly Aphrodite is best bec.it is love of the body. __F_ In the Gortyn (Krete) law code (Spyridakis) the penalty for adultery was usually death. 5. (1/5pt.ea.) T/F (True/False) Put T or F, as is appropriate in each blank. __T_ In Stoic philos., suicide was ok bec. it was the ultimate assertion of individual freedom. _T_As a teen hostage @Thebes, Philip II learned how a small army can defeat a larger army. _T_ In Plato, Apology, Sokrates says in his defense besides recent accusers he has old accusers from when Aristophanes misportrayed him in the comic play, Clouds. _F_In jail, Sokrates discussing death says that the pious go to a higher Earth above & are reunited w/their (re-constructed) bodies. _T__ Vergina is the probable site of the tomb of Philip II of Macedonia. 6-7.(1/4 pt.ea.) The 2 charges against Sokrates were: “Impiety” & _corrupting the youth__, but he was prosecuted mainly for _political_ reasons bec. of earlier ties to the _30 Tyrants_ (=group who briefly ruled Athens in 403 B.C.). Sokrates is imp. in Greek philosophy bec. his teaching was a change to focus on _man/the individual__. For Post-Sokratics a main interest was how man should __live/act___. Two of Sokrates' students whose writings provide information about him were _Xenophon_ & Plato. Plato's student (=___Aristotle_ ) differed on the concept of "ideal forms" & in 335 B.C., began his own "school" named the _Lykeion/Lyceum___. 8-9 (1/4 pt.ea.).Fill in the blanks. A school of philosophy wh/believed in "joy of a simple life." was the _Cynic_ school. Its' most famous exemplar was _Diogenes_ who wore only a barrel, drank from his hands. Zeno founded the _Stoic_ philosophy, which stressed "virtuous living", happiness through living in accord with __Nature___--which is "the expression of Divine Will." Epicureans believed (Grk word =__ataraxia___) is the chief good--wh/ they defined as " _absence of pain_". The Skeptic philos. Founder (= _Pyrrho_ of Elis) wrote nothing, but his pupil (= _Timon__) wrote about basic Skeptic questions. 10-12.(1/4 pt. ea. Blank) In Plato's Symposium, Aristophanes says originally there were 3 sexes =_male_ -from the Sun; _female__--from the Earth;&_androgynous (=male/female)_ --from the Moon. Zeus, fearing their power (did what?)_cut them in half__ . Therefore, “True Love” = finding your _other half_ wh/ = your “Soul mate.” Greek medicine was based on the idea of the body’s 4 _humors__.In late 5th c. B.C., __Hippokratēs__ founded the 1st known "teaching hospital" on island of _Kos/Cos_ where doctors were priests of the healing god named _Asklepios or Apollo_. The hospital's body of medical writings known as the _Hippokratic Corpus_wasn't compiled until 3 centuries later (Hellenistic era) when famed researchers included :_Hierophilos__, who invented medical terms such as retina, neuron, duodenum; & _ Erasistratos ____ who dissected brains & knew that the brain & spinal column controlled different nerves. 13-14. MATCHING l/5 pt. ea. Put letter of best answer in appropriate blank. _J__ Sokrates' 'inner voice' wh/indicated something was wrong A) Aegae _I_believed that gods had no effect on human life & that B) Eratosthenes man should look inward, ignore the outside world C) Aristarchos _H__ "No knowledge is certain; therefore nothing matters" D) Antiochos IV _K__ his "Philippics" warned Athens of Philip II's ambition E) Archimedes _L__said, "The unexamined life is not worth living." F) Isis _D__ he (177-164B.C.) put Zeus’ statue in Jewish Temple in G) Pella Jerusalem & provoked uprising of Judas Maccabaeus H) Skeptics _C__credited w/"Helio-centric" view of the Universe I) Epicurus _A__ 1st capital & royal necropolis of the ancient Macedonians J) daimōnion _B__made fairly accurate estimate of Earth's circumference K) Demosthenes _F__ Imp. ex. of Hellenization of Egyptian religion L) Sokratēs 15-17.(1/4 pt. ea.)Thebes ended Sparta's power in 371 B.C. at battle of _Leuktra/Leuctra_. Two imp. Theban generals, Epaminondas & _Pelopidas__ used new tactics, giving Thebes pwr until 362 B.C. at B. of _Mantinea_. The 3 most influential ppl in Alex. the Great's life were: _his father Philip II_; his teacher -=_Aristotle_; & his mother =_Olympias_ who gave him idea of his divine birth. Philip II’s victory @ at B. of _Charonaia_, 338 B.C, united Greece. Before going to Persia, Alex. performed rites at the sacred city of _Dion_. Alex. founded many cities, but most famed was Alexandria, Egypt -- esp. imp. for its' library/ research center named _Mouseion/Museum_ & begun by Ptolemy (I), one of Alex's successors, whose dynasty ended in 30 B.C.E. with the suicide of _Kleopatra VII_. The other 2 successors of Alex. were: _Antigonos I _ (Greece) & _Seleukos I_ (Asia/Syria). 18. (1/2 pt. ea.) Briefly, in a few sentences discuss: 1)how useful Philip of Macedon's accomplishments were to Alexander;_Alex inherited from Philip what was necessary for Alex to pursue his own goal of world conquest: 1) Philip II conquered & united Greece ; 2) Philip’s trained army & improved battle strategy; Philip’s ‘vision’--plans to invade Persia; 4) Philip’s brilliance militarily. & 2) discuss what you think was Alex. the Great's greatest achievement & explain why--His conquests of Persia & Egypt—which then he ‘Hellenized’—spreading Greek civilization to Asia & N. Africa, permanently changing course of world history._____(Other similar answers possible. T.A.s should use own judgment when grading this question.) 19-20. Matching: (1/5 pt. ea.) Put letter of best answer in appropriate blank. _L__lst involved Greece w/Roman Empire A) Korinth __I_Rome made it the "free port" instead of Rhodes,166B.C. B) Odeion __J__wrongly believed man’s intellect was seated in the heart C) Ptolemy V _A__Greek city Rome destroyed as "object lesson" l46 BC D) Gandhara _H__author of famous saying, “Eureka!” (= “I’ve found (it).”) E) Polybios/Polybius _G__ site of "breakaway" kingdom betw/ Bactria & Seleukid Asia F) Pella _B__ theater in center of Roman Athens' agora, gift of Agrippa G) Parthia _E__ Greek historian, Roman hostage@ Scipio's home, wrote H) Archimedes history to explain Romans' success to Greeks I) Delos __D_ art/sculpture style-legacy of Alex. & Greeks in India, origin of J) Aristotle monumental Buddhist sculpture (Greek techniques, Indian motifs) K) Thebes _C_praised on Rosetta Stone for putting down a rebellion L) 2nd Macedonian War 1 pt. E.C.: (1/2 pt. ea.)Transliterate into ancient Grk: Alexandros__’Aλεξανδρος______; Hippocratēs _̀Ιπποκρατης__________