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NATIONAL REPORT FOR THE 10TH WMO/UNEP OZONE RESEARCH MANAGERS MEETING SAMOA 1. OBSERVATIONAL ACTIVITIES Samoa currently does not have the capacity and the resources to undertake ozone monitoring and observational activities. Samoa depends highly on monitoring conducted by other Countries and Scientific Institutes such as NOAA. In particular the data provided through American Samoa at the NOAA Station at Cape Matatula is the closest applicable situation to Samoa accessible through the below link: http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/obop/smo/ 2. DESSEMINATION OF OZONE INFORMATION The Government of Samoa through the Ozone Section under the Meteorology Division of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment provide information on Stratospheric Ozone Layer Protection through many mediums. The http://www.samet.gov.ws/index.php/sections/section5 website provides background information on the implementation of Ozone Protection Projects in Samoa, including the legal framework, ODS licensing system, ozone publications and so forth. The inclusion of links to relevant Research Institutes and resources on ozone monitoring and research is also under development for easy public access. The Ozone Section also distributes awareness information, reports on new technologies relating to Ozone depleting substances and alternatives through email, newspaper, online social media and awareness programs such as Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Association Trade Night. Most of these activities are funded under the Institutional Strengthening Project and HCFC Phase out Management Plan with assistance provided by UNEP. 3. PROJECTS, COLLABORATION TWINNING AND CAPACITY BUILDING Since 2015 the Ozone Section joined the Two Samoa Meteorological Offices annual Meeting to allow for capacity building at the NOAA Global Monitoring Division. The Baseline Observatory located at the Cape Matatula American Samoa is one of the six observatories and the only Southern Hemisphere Station established in 1974. The Ozone Section comprised of two staff were able to witness monitoring on five research groups namely, Carbon Cycle, Ozone, Aerosols, Halocarbons and Atmospheric Trace Species and Solar Radiation. The Ozone team was also introduced to operations of equipment on site for taking measurements of stratospheric ozone as well as surface ozone. 1 4. FUTURE PLANS The Government of Samoa has long anticipated a system for air quality monitoring. Climate change and its impacts is inevitably the major environmental problem facing the globe, and the national level is no exception. Trends and assessment of Samoa’s Climate Risk Profile (CRP). Young. W.: 2007 best estimates of long term, systematic changes in the average climate for Samoa indicate that by 2050 sea level is likely to have increased by 36 cm; rainfall shall increase by 1.2%; extreme wind gusts by 7%, and maximum temperatures by 0.7˚ C. However, there are no significant long term trends in the observed daily, monthly, annual or maximum daily rainfall. Therefore Samoa submitted a proposal under the Global Climate Fund to establish an infrastructural network to collect information, quality control, analyse and produce products to help assess the impacts of climate change, variability and anthropogenic on the air (atmosphere). Part of this proposal requested for ozone monitoring to assess the links to climate change impacts on air quality in Samoa. Climate change impacts on air quality in Samoa are not very well-known as it does not have the air quality monitoring equipment (AQME). Needless to say, global warming changes the trends of ozone (O3 and pollutants (Carbon Monoxide, NOx, particulate matter,) 5. NEEDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS In collaboration with American Samoa, there is hope to trial measurements of stratospheric and ground level ozone in Apia at the Meteorology Division where the Ozone Section is based. The Meteorology Division’s functionality encompass a vast extend of climatic, weather, seismic data collection and it is Samoa’s long term goal to establish a facility and build staff capacity to undertake ozone monitoring as well. Samoa also wishes to seek assistance in acquiring appropriate equipment to carry out monitoring on Ozone and currently working with various government departments to find possible partnerships and assistance. 2