Download Language

 Language is the system of verbal (spoken or written)
or gestural symbols (non-verbal/sign language) a
community uses to communicate and is central to
the speechmaking process.
Thought (reference):
Memory that audience member
have with an object, concept, or
event
Symbol:
Word or
phrase
spoken
Referent:
Object, concept or
event a symbol
represents
 The bottom line of the triangle is broken because the
is not necessarily a connection between a symbol and
a referent because the words we use to name things
are human inventions. Remember there is concrete
language (tangible objects) and abstract language
(concepts)
 i.e. Freedom
 People in different cultures have different life
experiences and thus name and define the world
differently
 An idiom is a fixed, distinctive expression whose
meaning is not indicated by its individual words
 It was over my head
 Compared to written language, spoken language is
 more interactive
 More causal
 More repetitive
 Redundancy: repeating yourself
 Strategically repetitive: telling your audience what your are
going to say, tell them the information, and then remind
them what you said
 Similes (as or like)
 Metaphors
 Personification
 Parallelism (identical
structure)
 Repetition
 Alliteration (beginning
sounds)
 Antithesis (opposites)
 As we give a speech, we want to keep our message
and language simple enough so an audience will
understand our message the first time they hear it.
 Don’t “dumb it down”
 Define terminology before using it in your speech
 There are 5 propaganda techniques
that are generally used in advertising.
Bandwagon
Testimonial
Transfer
Repetition
Emotional