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King Midas
Reading and Discussion
In Greek mythology, King Midas was a very wealthy king who ruled over the country of
Phrygia, in Asia Minor. He was the adopted son of King Gordias and Cybele. He was very rich
and loved the life of pleasure. He loved money and gold so much that it was his obsession. His
avarice, which means extreme greed for material wealth and money, was well known as he
spent his days counting his wealth. He lived in a big castle surrounded by riches and was known
for his famous beautiful rose garden that was even mentioned by the historian Herodotus.
There are two myths surrounding King Midas. The first one is about Dionysus and some travel
companions who were passing through the city over which King Midas ruled. Dionysus was the
son of Zeus and he is the Greek god of wine and vegetation, In Greek mythology, Dionysus
used to teach humans how to plant grapevines and make wine. He was thought to have two
sides. He was very kind and nice to the people who showed him respect and honored him;
however; he could also cause chaos and destruction to those who offended or insulted him. His
travel companions were mainly satyrs. Satyrs were mythical beings that were half human and
half goat and liked drinking lots of wine. The head of the satyrs, called Silenus was considered
the teacher and the loyal companion of Dionysus. One of the legends surrounding Silenus is that
whoever catches him while he is drunk can learn important secrets and know about the future.
During Dionysus’ travel in the city, Silenus drank too much and slept in Midas’ rose garden.
Upon finding Silenus, the guards brought Silenus to King Midas. King Midas recognized Silenus
as Dionysus’ faithful companion and offered him all kinds of hospitality for 10 days. On the
eleventh day, King Midas took him to Dionysus. To repay King Midas for his kindness and
hospitality to Silenus, Dionysus offered to grant King Midas any one wish. Being obsessed with
wealth, Midas chose the wish that whatever he touches be turned into gold. Dionysus warned
him about his wish and told him to think about what he was asking, but Midas was certain that
this is what he wanted. So Dionysus granted him his wish.
Midas was extremely happy with his new ability and started trying it out on everything. He tried it
out on stones, tables, and walls. Then he touched his roses to smell them, but they too turned
into gold. Then he got hungry, but whatever he tried eating or drinking turned into gold. Then he
accidentally touched his daughter and she too turned into gold.
Midas became miserable as he realized how mistaken he was. So he went to Dionysus and
begged him to remove his golden touch. Dionysus felt that Midas was truly desperate and
realized his mistake, so he pitied him and told him to go to the Pactolus River so that he could
wash his wish away. Midas went and when he touched the river, his golden touch was washed
away. This myth explains why the Pactolus River had a gold gleam in it. Some also say that the
purpose of this myth is to show that happiness is not reached through greedy desire for wealth
and money.
The second myth relating to King Midas concerns the time he was asked to be one of the judges
of a musical competition between the Greek gods Pan and Apollo. Though the other judge
announced that Apollo was the winner of the contest, Midas did not agree with him. This
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offended the god Apollo, who was the Greek god of truth, medicine, archery, poetry, and music.
As punishment for Midas’ bad taste and poor judgment, Apollo changed Midas’ ears into those
of a donkey as a symbol of what he thought of Midas’ bad musical hearing and taste. Midas hid
his donkey ears under a turban. He would only remove it when he went to his barber, who was
sworn to secrecy. One day, the barber could not keep the secret any longer, so he dug a hole
into the ground and whispered his secret into it. Immediately reeds started growing there, and it
is said that whenever there is a breeze or wind, you can hear the reeds whispering the secret
“Midas has donkey ears….”
The first myth is the most famous one relating to King Midas’ golden touch. Now, the saying “the
Midas touch” means that someone is able to deal with large amounts of money or whatever he
does is successful and rewarding. Also, this myth was even adapted in Marvel Tales by Stan
Lee and Joe Sinnott.
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Activities
Activity A: Multiple Choice:
1. King Midas was known for all except:
a.
b.
c.
d.
His rose garden
His love of pleasure
His love of money and wealth
His love of knowledge
2. The saying “he has the Midas touch” means the person is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cursed
Successful or can manage great amounts of money
Turned his family into gold
Obsessed with money
Activity B: Matching:
_____ 1. Dionysus
a. Turned Midas’ ears into ears of donkey
_____ 2. Silenus
b. Leader of satyrs
_____ 3. Apollo
c. Greek god of wine and vegetation
Activity C: Name three things that Apollo was a Greek god of:
1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________
Activity D: Fill in the Blanks:
1. Satyrs are mythical creatures that are half ______________and half human.
2. To wash his gift away, Midas had to go to the ______________River.
3. According to Greek mythology, Dionysus used to travel to teach humans how to plant
______________and make wine.
4. Being obsessed with wealth, Midas chose the wish that whatever he touched be
turned into ______________.
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Answer Key
Activity A
1. King Midas was known for all except:
a.
b.
c.
d.
His rose garden
His love of pleasure
His love of money and wealth
His love of knowledge
2. The saying “he has the Midas touch” means the person is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cursed
Successful or can manage great amounts of money
Turned his family into gold
Obsessed with money
Activity B
__c___ 3. Dionysus
a. Turned Midas’ ears into ears of donkey
__b___ 4. Silenus
b. Leader of satyrs
__a___ 5. Apollo
c. Greek god of wine and vegetation
Activity C
1. Truth, 2. Medicine, 3. Archery, 4. Poetry, 5. Music
Activity D
1. Satyrs are mythical creatures that are half ___goat___ and half human.
2. To wash his gift away, Midas had to go to the __Pactolus__ River.
3. According to Greek mythology, Dionysus used to travel to teach humans how to plant
__grapevines__ and make wine.
4. Being obsessed with wealth, Midas chose the wish that whatever he touches be
turned into __gold___.
Copyright 2009 LessonSnips www.lessonsnips.com