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Chapter 17 Science Notes – Grade Six
Law of Electric Charges -
like charges repel, opposite charges attract
Electric Force -
the force of attraction or repulsion on a charged particle
Electric Field -
the space around a charged object
Proton -
positive, electrically charge part of an atom found in the nucleus
Electron -
negative, electrically charge part of an atom found orbiting the nucleus
Three ways to charge an object -
friction, induction, conduction
Electroscope -
a device used to detect a charge
Electrical Conductor -
a material in which charges can move freely
Electrical Insulator -
a material in which charges cannot move freely
Static Electricity -
electric charge at rest
Electric Discharge -
the release of electricity stored in a source
Electric Current -
the rate at which charges pass through a given point. Measured in amps
Voltage -
the potential difference between to points
Electrical Resistance -
the opposition presented to the current by a material or device
Electrical Cell -
a device that produces an electrical current
Thermocouple -
a device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy
Photocell -
a device that converts light energy into electrical energy
Electric Power -
the rate at which electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy
Electrical Energy = power x time or E = P x t
Electrical Circuit -
a complete, closed path through which electrical charges flow
3 Parts to a Circuit -
energy source, wire, load (devices)
2 Types of Circuits -
Series (one pathway), Parallel (more than one pathway)
Electrical Safety -
Fuses, circuit breakers, GFCI stop the flow of electricity when overloaded