Download Unit 3 Test Review KEY

Name____________________________________________________ Date _______________ Hour_______
Unit 3- Cell Transport Test Review
1. Create a Venn diagram to compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis
Or
Write several sentences and discuss how each process and how they are similar and different.
Or
Draw and label a picture of each to show how they are similar and different
Make sure that you address particle movement, the type of particle, energy requirements, etc.
DIFFUSION
 Involves
Any particle any
movement
kindfrom
of
high to low concentration
particle
Not all particles
can make it
movement
past the plasma membrane
from high to
low.
BOTH
OSMOSIS

Involves
only water
 Only
High to LowNo
Concentration
energy
required.
Both are passive transport
 Both
Both go down the
passive
concentration
gradient
transport.
No energy required
 Both high to
low.
Happensinvolves
across the
plasma membrane
water
whenever because
movement
Plasma membrane is
. to water
permeable
2. Create a Venn diagram to compare and contrast active transport and passive transport
Or
Write several sentences and discuss how each process and how they are similar and different.
Or
Draw and label a picture of each to show how they are similar and different
Make sure to include energy requirements, types, examples, etc.
ACTIVE
BOTH
Low to High Concentration
 Low to High
Goes up or against the
 Usesgradient
transport/
concentration
carrier proteins.
Energy required
 Energy Required.
Use
–
 Carrier
EX:Proteins
Endocytosis
Protein Pumps
& Exocytosis.
Ex. Endocytosis, Exocytosis
Endocytosis – Pinocytosis
and Phagocytosis

PASSIVE


High to Low.
Uses channel
proteins.
Goes down
the concentration
gradient
 No energy
required.
No energy
required
 EX: Diffusion,
Facilitated Diffusion uses
Osmosis, &
channel proteins
Facilitated
Ex. Osmosis,
Diffusion,
Diffusion
High to Low Concentration
Both are types of transport
Typeds of
TyuMovem
Both involve
the Plasma
Membrane ent of
molecules
Both are related to
a in
maintainingacross
Homeostasis
the cell
plasma
membrane.
Can use transport
proteins
Facilitated Diffusion
3. a) Label the following parts: Fatty acid chains (lipids), Transport protein, Phosphate group
FATTY ACID
CHAINS
(LIPIDS)
TRANSPORT
PROTEINS
PHOSPHATE
GROUP
b) What is the job of membrane proteins?

To help/assist molecules’ movement across the plasma membrane. (In and Out)
4. How does the plasma membrane maintain homeostasis within the cell? Use the term “selectively
permeable” in your answer or show the concept of selective permeability through a diagram.



The plasma membrane is selectively permeable in that it allows certain substances
through and not others.
Water can move freely through osmosis whereas salts(solutes) and other molecules
can’t do so.
It is through this selection that the cell membrane regulates what enters and exits,
thereby maintaining an internal balance – Homeostasis.
5. What are the kidneys’ roles in maintaining homeostasis for the entire human body?

The kidneys help to maintain a salt and water balance throughout the body.
6. If a person has a high concentration of glucose in their blood, some of the glucose can diffuse into the
urine. What common disorder can cause this? __DIABETES________________________________
7. What are some indicators of kidney failure/disease/dysfunction? (think of what you might find in the
urine)
 Finding protein in the urine is abnormal – meaning there are holes large enough for
proteins to fit through and this indicates that the filters are broken and kidneys are
failing.
8. When kidneys make urine, they have to move salts and other wastes from the Filtrate into the Urine
where there is already a higher concentration of salts and wastes. Which process does the kidney use to
make this possible? How do you know?

Active transport because it is moving salts from low concentration (filtrate) to high
concentration (urine).
9. Some cells need to have a higher concentration of a certain ion or molecule inside the cell then outside
the cell. This happens in the liver because it contains a high glucose concentration and more keeps
getting pumped in for storage. This requires energy to keep the ions or molecules moving against their
concentration gradient. What type of transport goes against the concentration gradient (from low to
high)? Active Transport___________
10. Draw an animal cell in a solution of pure water. Draw arrows to show the movement of water.
Where are the dissolved substances (solutes) more concentrated at first?
___Inside the cell_____________________________________________
Water
What kind of transport is this? _Passive______ Specific type? _Osmosis___
What can happen to the cell if it remains in pure water?
___It will swell up and burst______________________________
What would happen if this was a plant cell, why? _The vacuole will swell up_
_to be large but the cell wall will prevent the cell from bursting._____
11. Now draw the animal cell in a very salty solution (50% salt). Draw arrows to show the movement of
water.
Where are the dissolved substances (solutes) more concentrated at first?
_Outside the cell (In the solution)________________________
Salty Sol.
What kind of transport is this? _Passive______ Specific type? __Osmosis__
What happens to the cell? _The cell will shrivel and get smaller._________
12. Draw how a single-celled amoeba might engulf (eat) a paramecium. Make sure to show the vacuole
being formed and cell membrane not breaking. What is this called? _ENDOCYTOSIS______________
Paramecium
Amoeba
Is this active or passive transport? __ACTIVE_____________________________________________
Is energy required? __YES___________
13. What is the difference between endocytosis and exocytosis?



Both are active transport, require energy, and move things from low to high.
Endocytosis – process of taking things into the cell (glucose, proteins, etc.)
Exocytosis – process of giving off/releasing things out of the cell (wastes, etc.)
Dissolved substance
(solute)
Inside the cell
Outside the cell
Sodium concentration
0.1 M
0.2 M
Sugar count
80 mg
100 mg
Use the chart to answer questions 15-18.
14. If sodium is moving from outside of the cell to inside of the cell, than it is _Passive_____ transport and
it requires _No Energy________________.
15. If sodium is moving from inside of the cell to outside of the cell, than it is _Active______ transport and
it requires _Energy________________.
16. Would water move into/out of your cell if the sodium (salt) concentration was as it is listed in the chart?
Why?

Water would move out because sodium is higher (high solutes) in the solution making it a
hypertonic solution.
17. Create a box chart with a description to show active transport or draw a picture to illustrate what is
occurring.
HIGH
Requires endocytosis to
move solutes into the cellEnergy Required
OR
active transport – Energy
Low
Required!
Solute
High
Solute
LOW
18. Why would it not be a good idea to store your vegetables in salt water?
o Salt water has a high concentration of solute so low water concentration meaning that
the water is moving out of the cells in the vegetable through osmosis. The vegetables
would dry out over time.
19. If a doctor gives an injection to a patient, why would it be important for that injection to match the
concentration of substances within the patient’s blood? What would happen if the injection was too
watery or too salty?
o If the injection was not equal concentration it could destroy the cell.
 Too watery – cells would swell up and burst.
 Too salty – cells would shrink from water loss and die.
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Circle the answer(s) that best completes the sentence.
20. The substance that dissolves to make a solution is called the _C. SOLUTE__________________
A. diffuser
B. solvent
C. solute
D. concentrate
21. During diffusion molecules tend to move _B. down the concentration gradient (high to low)____
A. up the concentration gradient (low to high)
B. down the concentration gradient (high to low)
C. from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration
D. in a direction that doesn’t depend on concentration
22. Endocytosis and exocytosis are all kinds of _A. active__________ transport.
A. active
B. passive
23. _B. active__________ transport requires energy from ATP to move substances across membranes.
A. Passive
B. Active
24. A cell must use energy to transport substances using _D. endocytosis_________.
A. diffusion
B. passive transport
C. osmosis
D. endocytosis
25. White blood cells would engulf, digest, and destroy invading bacteria using __C. endocytosis_______.
A. diffusion
B. exocytosis
C. endocytosis
D. osmosis
26. All of the following are kinds of passive transport EXCEPT _C. exocytosis______________
A. diffusion
B. osmosis
C. exocytosis
27. Placing an animal cell in water it will cause water to __A. move into the cell_____________.
A. move into the cell
B. move out of the cell
C. stay outside the cell
28. What are the three types of passive transport? Briefly describe each.
A. Diffusion – Movement of any particle from high to low.
B. Osmosis – Movement of only water from high to low across a selectively permeable
membrane.
C. Facilitated Diffusion – Uses channel proteins to allow diffusion to take place. (Can’t occur
without channel proteins)
29. Draw arrows to show the movement of water in the boxes 
High H2O
Low H2O
Low Solute
High Solute
Low H2O
High H2O
High Solute
Low Solute
30. Give a real-life reason why a particular cell might need to go through endocytosis?
o White blood cells engulf foreign invaders. Too large to pass through and they need to
take them in to destroy them before they cause harm.
Is this active or passive transport? _Active__________ Is energy required? _Yes__________
31. Explain a real-life reason why a particular cell might need to go through exocytosis?
o To eliminate waste products. If there is too much of something in the cell it can remove
it through exocytosis.
Is this active or passive transport? _Active_________ Is energy required? _Yes________
32. List the organs involved in the urinary system and the correct ordered pathway to creating urine.
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
33. What are the functions of the four major organs of the urinary system?
A.
Kidneys – Filter the blood of wastes, toxins, medications, etc.
B. Ureters – Transport urine from kidney to bladder.
C.
Urinary Bladder – Collects and stores urine.
D. Urethra – Exit tube for urine.