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Course Title: Biology A Highly Qualified Teacher: Josh Hansen Advisor: Dates of Class: 9/3/2013 – 6/13/2014 Credits: 0.50 Certificated Contact Method: In-Person instructional contact Estimated Total Hours/Week: 5 (Estimated hours per week spent on this class, counting both seat time and time spent at home doing homework). Class Description: In Biology, students learn to construct more sophisticated system models, including the concept of feedback. They also extend and refine their understanding of inquiry and their ability to formulate questions, propose hypotheses, and design, conduct and report on investigations. Students learn that science and technology are interdependent, that science and technology influence society, and that society influences science and technology. In Biology students learn that cells contain complex molecules and structures that enable them to carry out life functions such as photosynthesis and respiration and pass on their characteristics to future generations. Students learn about the factors that foster or limit growth of populations within ecosystems and that help to maintain the health of the ecosystem overall. They also learn about the factors that underlie biological evolution: variability of offspring, population growth, a finite supply of resources, and natural selection. *Any adjustments made to the syllabus will be indicated in the advisor’s working portfolio. Learning Materials: Computer Handouts that are listed below that may include o Readings, activities, assessments Videos that are listed below Learning Goals/Performance Objectives: Scientific Practices SYSB (9-12) Systems thinking can be especially useful in analyzing complex situations. To be useful, a system needs to be specified as clearly as possible. INQB (9-12) Scientific progress requires the use of various methods appropriate for answering different kind of research questions, a thoughtful plan for gathering data needed to answer the question, and care in collecting, analyzing, and displaying the data. INQC (9-12) Conclusions must be logical, based on evidence, and consistent with prior established knowledge. INQE (9-12) The essence of scientific investigation involves the development of a theory or conceptual model that can generate testable predictions. INQF (9-12) Science is a human endeavor that involves logical reasoning and creativity and entails the testing, revision, and occasional discarding of theories as new evidence comes to light. APPB (9-12) The technological design process begins by defining a problem in terms of criteria and constraints, conducting research, and generating several different solutions. APPC (9-12) Choosing the best solution involves comparing alternatives with respect to criteria and constraints, then building and testing a model or other representation of the final design. APPE (9-12) Perfect solutions do not exist. All technological solutions involve trade-offs in which decisions to include more of one quality means less of another. All solutions involve consequences, some intended, others not. Cells LS1A (9-12) Carbon-containing compounds are the building blocks of life. Photosynthesis is the process that plant cells use to combine the energy of sunlight with molecules of carbon dioxide and water to produce energy-rich compounds that contain carbon (food) and release oxygen. LS1B (9-12) The gradual combustion of carbon-containing compounds within cells, called cellular respiration, provides the primary energy source of living organisms; the combustion of carbon by burning of fossil fuels provides the primary energy source for most of modern society. LS1F (9-12) All of the functions of the cell are based on chemical reactions. Food molecules are broken down to provide the energy and the chemical constituents needed to synthesize other molecules. Breakdown and synthesis are made possible by proteins called enzymes. Some of these enzymes enable the cell to store energy in special chemicals, such as ATP, that are needed to drive the many other chemical reactions in a cell. Gene to Protein LS1E (9-12) The genetic information responsible for the inherited characteristics is encoded in the DNA molecules in chromosomes. DNA is composed of four subunits (A,T,C,G). The sequence of subunits in a gene specifies the amino acids needed to make a protein. Proteins express inherited traits (e.g., eye color, hair texture) and carry out most cell function. LS1G (9-12) Cells use the DNA that forms their genes to encode enzymes and other proteins that allow a cell to grow and divide to produce more cells, and to respond to the environment. LS1I (9-12) Egg and sperm cells are formed by a process called meiosis in which each resulting cell contains only one representative chromosome from each pair found in the original cell. Recombination of genetic information during meiosis scrambles the genetic information, allowing for new genetic combinations and characteristics in the offspring. Fertilization restores the original number of chromosome pairs and reshuffles the genetic information, allowing for variation among offspring. Learning Activities: The learning activities below are based off of the concepts for Biology A. The student and teacher can pick whichever reading, video, activity or questions that works for that individual student. All information from below can be received from the teacher who has a digital copy of all info below. Anything that is in bold, may want to be a starting point. Characteristics of Life Concept 1A: Describe the characteristics of life. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 1A 1.1R, 1.2R, 1.3R 1.1A, 1.2A, 1.3A 1.1Q Biomolecules Concept 2A: Describe that large molecules in food are broken down into smaller molecules by cells to provide energy building block (proteins into amino acids, carbohydrates into simple sugars, fats into fatty acids, DNA into nucleotides). 2B: Describe that cells build large molecules required for cell functions from smaller molecules (proteins from amino acids, , carbohydrates from simple sugars, fats from fatty acids, DNA from nucleotides). Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 2A 2.1R, 2.2R 2B 2.1R, 2.2R 2.1A, 2.2A, 2.3A, 2.4A, 2.5A 2.1A, 2.2A, 2.3A, 2.4A, 2.5A 2.1Q, 2.2Q, 2.3Q, 2.4Q 2.1SA 2.1Q, 2.2Q, 2.3Q, 2.4Q 2.1SA Cell Concepts 3a: Describe the essential functions of the following cell structures: cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, chromosome, chloroplast, mitochondrion, ribosome, and cytoplasm. 3B: Describe the structure of the cell membrane. 3C: Describe the processes of active transport, passive transport, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion that allow substances to pass through the cell membrane. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 3A 3.1R, 3.2R, 3.3R, 3.4R 3.1V 3B 3.1R, 3.2R, 3.3R, 3.4R 3.1V, 3.2V 3C 3.1R, 3.2R, 3.3R, 3.4R 3.1V, 3.2V 3.2A, 3.3A, 3.4A, 3.5A, 3.6A, 3.7A, 3.8A, 3.12A, 3.13A, 3.15A, 3.18A 3.2A, 3.3A, 3.4A, 3.6A, 3.8A, 3.11A, 3.12A, 3.18A, 3.19 3.1A, 3.2A, 3.3A, 3.4A, 3.6A, 3.8A, 3.9A, 3.10A, 3.11A, 3.12A, 3.16A, 3.17A, 3.18A, 3.19 3.1Q 3.1SA, 3.2SA 3.2Q 3.1SA, 3.2SA 3.3Q 3.1SA, 3.2SA DNA Concepts 4A: Describe the structure of DNA molecules in terms of the four nucleotides (A, C, G, and T). 4B: Describe that the sequence of the four nucleotides in the DNA molecule encodes genetic information. 4C: Describe the relationship among DNA, chromosomes, genes, amino acids, proteins, and traits. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 4A 4.1R, 4.2R, 4.3R, 4.5R 4.1V, 4.2V, 4.3V 4B 4.2R, 4.3R, 4.5R 4.1V, 4.2V, 4.3V 4C 4.2R, 4.3R, 4.4R, 4.5R 4.1V, 4.2V, 4.3V 4.1A, 4.2A, 4.3A, 4.4A, 4.6A, 4.7A, 4.8A, 4.9A, 4.10A 4.1A, 4.2A, 4.3A, 4.4A, 4.6A, 4.7A, 4.8A, 4.9A, 4.10A 5.1Q 5.1SA 5.2Q 5.1SA 4.1A, 4.2A, 4.3A, 4.5A, 4.7A, 4.8A, 4.9A, 4.10A 5.3Q 5.1SA Cell Division—Mitosis Concepts 5A: Describe that genes are carried on chromosomes. 5B: Describe that typical animal cells contain two copies of each chromosome, one from each biological parent, with genetic information that regulates body structure and function. 5C: Describe the process of mitosis and the product of mitosis. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 5A 5B 5C 5.1R, 5.4R, 5.7R 5.1R, 5.4R, 5.7R 5.1R, 5.2R, 5.3R, 5.5R, 5.6R, 5.8R 5.1V 5.1V 5.1V 5.3A, 5.5A, 5.6A, 5.7A 5.3A, 5.5A, 5.6A, 5.7A 5.1A, 5.2A, 5.3A, 5.4A, 5.5A, 5.6A, 5.7A 5.1Q 5.1SA 5.2Q 5.1SA 5.3Q 5.1SA Proteins and Protein Synthesis Concepts 6A: Describe that the sequence of nucleotides in a gene specifies that amino acids needed to make protein. 6B: Describe inherited traits (ex. Eye color, hair texture, attached earlobes) and cell functions as primarily determined by the proteins expressed by genes. 6C: Predict the complementary strand of mRNA given the nucleotide sequence in a single strand of DNA 6D: Describe the steps and structures in the process by which gene sequences are copied to produce proteins. 6E: Describe the molecular processes and environmental factors by which mutations can occur. 6F: Describe enzymes as proteins that regulate reactions that breakdown or build molecules needed by the cell structures and functions of cells. 6G: Describe that cells use DNA that forms their genes to encode for the production of enzymes and other proteins. 6H: Describe that cell functions (ex. Cell growth and division, response to the environment) can be regulated by changing the activity of proteins and by changing whether and how often particular genes are expressed. 6I: Describe that changes in the environment can cause changes in the amount and/or activity of proteins (ex. Enzymes) produces by a gene. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 6A 6.3R, 6.4R, 6.6R, 6.8R 6B 6.1R, 6.2R, 6.3R, 6.7R 6C 6.3R, 6.4R, 6.6R, 6.8R 6.1V 6D 6.3R, 6.4R, 6.6R, 6.8R 6.1V 6E 6F 6.5R 6.2R, 6.7R 6G 6.2R, 6.7R 6H 6.1R, 6.2R, 6.3R, 6.7R 6I 6.1V 6.1A, 6.3A, 6.4A, 6.5A, 6.6A, 6.8A, 6.10A, 6.11A, 6.12A, 6.13A, 6.14A, 6.16A 6.2A, 6.5A, 6.7A, 6.8A, 6.9A, 6.11A, 6.12A, 6.13A, 6.14A, 6.16A 6.1A, 6.3A, 6.4A, 6.5A, 6.6A, 6.8A, 6.10A, 6.11A, 6.12A, 6.13A, 6.14A, 6.16A 6.1A, 6.3A, 6.4A, 6.5A, 6.6A, 6.8A, 6.10A, 6.11A, 6.12A, 6.13A, 6.14A, 6.16A 6.7A, 6.17A 6.2A, 6.9A, 6.15A, 6.16A 6.2A, 6.9A, 6.15A, 6.16A 6.2A, 6.5A, 6.7A, 6.8A, 6.9A, 6.11A, 6.12A, 6.13A, 6.14A, 6.16A 6.15A, 6.16A 6.1Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.2Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.1Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.1Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.4Q 6.3Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.3Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.2Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA 6.5Q 6.1SA, 6.2SA Cell Division—Meiosis Concepts 7A: Describe the process of meiosis and the product of meiosis 7B: Describe that the processes of recombination during meiosis (ex. Segregation, independent assortment) result in a unique combination of genetic information in the egg or sperm cell. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 7A 7B 7.1R, 7.2R, 7.3R, 7.4R, 7.5R, 7.6R 7.1R, 7.2R, 7.3R, 7.4R, 7.5R, 7.1V, 7.2V 7.1V, 7.2V 7.1A, 7.2A, 7.3A, 7.4A, 7.5A, 7.6A 7.1A, 7.2A 7.1Q 7.2Q Genetics Concepts 8A: Describe the process of fertilization as restoring the original number of chromosomes of an organism. 8B: Describe the relationship between the unique combination of genetic information in an egg or sperm cell and the differing characteristics in the offspring from a single set of parents. 8C: Describe that the process of fertilization allows for variation among off spring. 8D: Describe the possible combinations of offspring in a simple Mendelian genetic cross for two traits (Punnett square). 8E: Describe the possible combination of offspring in a genetic cross involving co-dominance or incomplete dominance for a single trait. 8F: Describe possible allele combinations in an egg or sperm cell given a combination of two traits and a parent’s genotype for the two traits. Concept Readings Videos Activities Questions Assessments 8A 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R 8.1V, 8.2V 8B 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R 8.1V, 8.2V 8C 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.1V, 8.2V 8.2A, 8.4A, 8.7A, 8.9A, 8.11A, 8.17A, 8.18A, 8.24A, 8.25A, 8.26A, 8.28A 8.2A, 8.4A, 8.7A, 8.9A, 8.11A, 8.17A, 8.18A, 8.24A, 8.25A, 8.26A, 8.28A, 8.30A, 8.31A, 8.32A, 8.33A 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.4A, 8.5A, 8.1Q, 8.2Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA 8.1Q, 8.2Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA 8.1Q, 8.2Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R 8D 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R, 8.8R 8.1V, 8.2V 8E 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R, 8.8R 8.1V, 8.2V 8F 8.1R, 8.2R, 8.3R, 8.4R, 8.5R, 8.6R, 8.7R, 8.8R 8.1V, 8.2V 8.6A, 8.7A, 8.9A, 8.11A, 8.17A, 8.18A, 8.24A, 8.25A, 8.26A, 8.27A, 8.28A, 8.30A, 8.31A, 8.32A, 8.33A 8.1A, 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.4A, 8.5A, 8.6A, 8.11A, 8.13A, 8.14A, 8.18A, 8.19A, 8.20A, 8.21A, 8.22A, 8.26A, 8.27A 8.1A, 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.4A, 8.5A, 8.6A, 8.11A, 8.13A, 8.14A, 8.18A, 8.19A, 8.20A, 8.21A, 8.22A, 8.26A, 8.27A 8.2A, 8.3A, 8.4A, 8.8A, 8.10A, 8.11A, 8.12A, 8.14A, 8.15A, 8.16A, 8.18A, 8.23A, 8.26A, 8.29A, 8.30A, 8.31A, 8.32A, 8.33A 8.3Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA 8.3Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA 8.4Q 8.1SA, 8.2SA, 8.3SA Progress Criteria/Methods of Evaluation: Successful completion will be indicated by successfully completing end of the unit assessments, teacher observation, daily work, and/or reports on readings, and student teacher conferences to determine mastery. CEDARS Codes: 03051 Biology 03051 (9-12)