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Marco polo Henry the Navigator Vasco da Gama Sun with clouds Temp: 22 C° Wind: NW Saturday 15 oktober 2016 | Marco Polo, Henry the Navigator, Vasco da Gama, Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan | By Jason Setiowaty Earth, flat or round??? The people were questioning if the world was flat or round, so they went away to explore. Marco Polo Marco polo was born in 1254 in Venice. He became a merchant and explorer. He traveled from Europe to Asia from 1271 until 1295. He died when he was 70 years old (1324) Journey to China In 1271, Niccolo and Maffeo Polo set out for Asia again, but this time they brought young Marco with them. Unable to recruit the 100 priests that Khan had requested, they left with only two, who, after getting a taste of the hard journey ahead of them, soon turned back for home. As they made their way through the Middle East, Marco absorbed its sights and smells.In what is now Afghanistan, marco was forced to retreat to the mountains in order to recoup from an illness he'd contracted. Crossing the Gobi desert, meanwhile, proved long and, at times, difficult to survive. "The desert is reported to be so long that it would take a year to cross it." Marco later wrote. "at the narrowest point it takes a month to cross it." Finally after 4 years of travel the Polos reached China. The Polos originally planned to be away for only a few years. However they were away from Venice for 23 years. Because of that long trip their faces looked unfamiliar to their family and they struggled to speak their native language again Henry the Navigator Henry the Navigator was born in 1394 in Porto. He was a Prince. He didn't explore himself, but he sponsored a great deal of exploration along the west coast of Africa. He died when he was 66 years old (1460). In 1415 Henry the Navigator, his father and his older brothers led an attack on Ceuta, a town in morocco along the straight of Gibraltar. The attack succeeded and Ceuta fell under Portugese control. Tell me when they find out that the Earth isn't flat. Vasco da Gama Henry became fascinated with Africa, a continent about which the Portugese knew a little. He developed a desire to learn more about the Muslims who lived there, primary in hopes of conquering them and spreading Christianity. Henry dubious destincion of being the founder of the atlantic slave trade. He sponsored 2 men who both captured several Africans. 1 of them was a chief and promised them more slaves in exchange for himself. Soon Portugal was deeply involved in the slave trade. Christopher Columbus By Jason Setiowaty By Jason Setiowaty Christopher columbus was born in 1451. He became an explorer. He wanted to find a new trade route to India by sailing West, instead of finding a new trade route, he found a whole new country!!! He died when he was 55 years old (1506). Vasco da Gama was born in 1460 in Sines. He became an explorer. He was the first explorer to sail directly from Europe to India. He died when he was 64 years old (1524). Historians know little about why exactly da Gama, still an inexperienced explorer, was chosen to lead the expedition to India in 1497. On July 8 of that year, he captained a team of four vessels, including his flagship, the 200-ton St. Gabriel, to find a sailing route to India and the East. Following several months of sailing, he rounded the Cape of Good Hope and began making his way up the eastern coast of Africa, toward the uncharted waters of the Indian Ocean. By January, as the fleet neared what is now Mozambique, many of da Gama's crewmembers were sick with scurvy, forcing the expedition to anchor for rest and repairs for nearly one month. the local Hindu ruler welcomed da Gama and his men, at first, and the crew ended up staying in Calicut for three months. Not everyone embraced their presence, especially Muslim traders who clearly had no intention of giving up their trading grounds to Christian visitors. By early 1499, several crewmembers had died of scurvy and in an effort to economize his fleet, da Gama ordered one of his ships to be burned. The first ship in the fleet didn't reach Portugal until July 10, nearly a full year after they'd left India. At the end, da Gama's first journey covered nearly 24,000 miles (38,624 KM) in close to two years, and only 54 of the crew's original 170 members survived. Columbus and his men continued their journey, visiting the islands of Cuba and Hispaniola (now Haiti and the Dominican Republic) and meeting with the leaders of the native population. During this time, the Santa Maria was wrecked on a reef off the coast of Hispaniola. With the help of some islanders, Columbus' men salvaged what they could and built the settlement Villa de la Navidad ("Christmas Town") with lumber from the ship. Thirty-nine men stayed behind to occupy the settlement. Convinced his exploration had reached Asia, he set sail for home with the two remaining ships. Ferdinand Magellan By Jason Setiowaty Ferdinand Magellan was born in 1480 in Sabrosa or Porto. He became an explorer. He died when he was 41 years old (1521). As a boy, he studied mapmaking and navigation. By his mid-20s, he was sailing in large fleets and was engaged in combat. In 1519, Magellan set out to find a better route to the Spice Islands. He assembled a fleet of ships which, despite huge setbacks and Magellan?s death, circumnavigated the world in a single voyage. In August of 1492, Columbus left Spain in the Santa Maria, with the Pinta and the Niña along side. After 36 days of sailing, Columbus and several crewmen set foot on an island in the present day Bahamas, claiming it for Spain. There he encountered a timid but friendly group of natives who were open to trade with the sailors exchanging glass beads, cotton balls, parrots and spears. The Europeans also noticed bits of gold the natives wore for adornment.