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Key Terms Siddhartha Gautama – “Buddha” Four Noble Truths Eightfold Path Nirvana Mindfulness Enlightenment Buddha = “The Enlightened One” *** Sikhism *** Jainism Buddhism Fast Facts Location of Origin : India (Current day Nepal) Date of Origin: 500 BCE Founder: Siddhartha Gautama Given the title “Buddha”, which means “the enlightened one” Ultimate Goal: Enlightenment, Nirvana Buddhism Today: 4th largest world religion (400 million) Popular throughout Asia today, but not in India (where it was created) Story of the Buddha1 Siddhartha Gautama (563 BCE – 483 BCE) Wealthy Prince Gave up wealth at the age of 29 Found the “Middle Way” Enlightened at age of 35 Taught others (only if requested) how to achieve enlightenment. Enlightenment - awakening to the great reality of universal nature Four Noble Truths (Foundation of Faith) 1. Life is suffering (Dukkha) 2. Suffering comes from attachment / wanting. 3. Freedom from suffering is possible. 4. The Eightfold Path can free one from suffering. Eightfold Path 1. Right Understanding 2. Right Thought 3. Right Speech 4. Right Action 5. Right Livelihood 6. Right Effort 7. Right Mindfulness 8. Right Concentration Core Beliefs 1. Non-Violence / Compassion 2. Equality 3. Detachment (from Ownership, Possession, Wanting) 4. Reincarnation / Nirvana 5. Mindfulness / Meditation 6. Middle Way 7. No gods / Non-exclusive / Earthly 8. Seeking “getting out of the way of” Enlightenment ***Nirvana – perfect peace of mind 1. Non-Violence / Compassion Compassion for all living things Vegetarianism common “May no act of mine cause harm” The Monk and the Scorpion2 2. Equality All people are equal, all can be Buddha Women’s Rights can be monks too! Says to the Caste System Why might some people in India have converted to Buddhism? 3. Detachment (from Ownership, Possession, Wanting) Remove the “want” Uncle Rye and the Moon3 Love Ownership Example: You really want an expensive car Name two ways you can be satisfied… Greed can never be quenched with “things”, leads to more want Example New Video Game 4. Reincarnation / Nirvana Nirvana can be attained here and now Buddha did not focus on the next life. Nirvana – perfect peace of mind Similar to Moksha 5. Mindfulness / Meditation The here and now. When you wash the dishes, wash the dishes “Yesterday is history, tomorrow is a mystery, but today is a gift… That’s why it’s called the present.” Master Wugui, Kung Fu Panda Meditation is the key practice in Buddhism The Farmer’s Luck4 6. Middle Way Ascetic Life Life of Convenience Choosing a life of Material goods extreme poverty Luxury goods Balance 7. No gods / Non-exclusive / Earthly Concerned mostly with this life on Earth Non-exclusivity No need to renounce other religions, no need to declare devotion No single “Creator” god, not concerned with existence of gods Buddha is NOT a god. Enlightened being. People follow his teachings so they can become enlightened too. 8. Seeking “getting out of the way of” Enlightenment “Buddha” translates to “Enlightened one” Enlightened - “to have woken up and understood” Buddhists seek to become enlightened and experience Nirvana Other South Asia Religions: Sikhism Followers called “Sikhs” Monotheistic Reject the Caste System Originated in Punjab Region of India Known as great warriors Believe people should act as “saint-warriors” Famed as bodyguards around the world Other South Asia Religions: Jainism Extreme Non-violence Simple (poor-by-choice) Life Veganism mandatory Farming generally avoided Some adherents wear gauze over there mouths To prevent violent words To prevent breathing in insects Developed alongside Hinduism Review 1. What was the Buddha’s name (before he became the Buddha)? 2. What does the term “Buddha” mean? 3. What do Buddhists think of the Caste System? Guided Meditation Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zh-klfBJlHc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cRlE0HwVcj0&feature=c4-overview&list=UUnWGPfyGgN5gFgXVJJ5o6Uw Mindfulness http://www.youtube.com/ watch?feature=player_em bedded&v=NbizmVKHdgs Benefits of Mindfulness?