Download PNS and ANS Flashcards

PNS and ANS Flashcards
1. What can a spinal cord injury in the cervical
region mean?
They could have quadriplegia (arms and legs paralyzed).
2. If a person has a spinal cord injury in their
thoracic region, what could they have?
3. What is the nerve that can be anesthetized
during childbirth as an alternative to an
epidural?
Paraplegia (just legs are paralyzed).
PUDENDAL NERVE
saddle block
4. What type of nerve block is this called?
5.
WPHRENIC NERVE
hat nerve allows the diaphragm to contract?
If it gets severed, the person can no longer
breathe without assistance.
6. What is the major group of nerves that supply The BRACHIAL PLEXUS
the upper limbs?
7. How can someone cause damage to this
major group of nerves?
8. What is the main nerve to the muscles of the
anterior forearm and palm?
9. What does damage to this nerve result in?
If a person leans their armpits on their crutches, they can
damage this plexus and lose the use of their arms. The
nerves in the brachial plexus change names as they go to
different regions in the arm.
The median nerve.
Damage is called carpal tunnel syndrome, “ape hand” or
“hand of benediction”
10. What is the main nerve to the anterior thigh? The Femoral nerve.
11. What is Sciatica?
Irritated sciatic nerve – irritation by muscle pinch
(Piriformis syndrome) or a ruptured disc
12. What muscle can cause Sciatica and how
does it cause it?
A short, thick muscle covering the sciatic notch
(piriformis), and when it contracts, it pinches on the
sciatic nerve, causing irritation known as sciatica.
Can be alleviated by stretching exercises.
13. What is the other cause for Sciatica?
A herniated lumbar disc, in which case stretching
exercises make it worse.
14. The tibial and fibular nerves branch from
the ________ nerve
15. What area is supplied by the tibial and
fibular nerves?
sciatic nerve
16. What nerve is damaged that produces foot
drop?
An injury to the deep branch of the fibular nerve.
They supply the leg and foot.
PNS and ANS Flashcards
Foot slap: The foot cannot be dorsi-flexed.
17. What is the symptom of this injury?
18. Median nerve injury is called what?
19. Ulnar nerve injury is called what?
20. Radial nerve injury is called what?
Median nerve injury is called what? Carpal Tunnel
Syndrome, Hand of Benediction or Ape hand
Ulnar nerve injury: Claw hand (cannot adduct or abduct
fingers).
Radial nerve injury: Wrist drop
Or ape hand
21. What is the function of the autonomic
nervous system (ANS)?
22. Do we have voluntary control over
autonomic nerves?
23. What is the ANS also called and why?
24. Does the ANS have sensory neurons,
interneurons, or motor neurons?
25. Characteristics of the ANS motor unit:
a. How many motor neurons?
b. Are the axons myelinated or not?
c. Is conduction slow or fast?
d. Are the axons thick or thin?
26. SYMPATHETIC DIVISION does what to
the following?
a. Heart rate
They are involved in digestion, blood flow, urination,
defecation, glandular secretion. Therefore, the ANS
supplies the glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle,
but NOT the skeletal muscle.
No
the general visceral motor system (be/c it supplies the
glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle, but NOT the
skeletal muscle).
The ANS has motor neurons only (there are no sensory
neurons in the ANS).
 Has more than one lower motor neuron,
 the axons may be myelinated or unmyelinated,
 conduction is slow,
 the axons are thin.
Sympathetic Division:
 ↑ heart rate and blood pressure,
 ↑ metabolic activity (increased blood glucose),
PNS and ANS Flashcards
b. Metabolic activity, blood glucose
levels
c. Peristalsis
d. Bronchioles
e. Blood flow to the skin
f. Sweat
27. How does the parasympathetic division
differ in function from the sympathetic
division?
28. Are the ganglia of the parasympathetic
division closer to the organs or closer to the
vertebral column? Are the postganglionic
fibers therefore short or long?
29. The majority (90%) of the parasympathetic
outflow from the head is by which nerve?




decreased peristalsis (decreased food digestion)
dilation of bronchioles in lungs (open up)
decreases blood flow to the skin,
innervates sweat glands in the skin to increase
sweating.
*Parasympathetic is opposite of this list: decreases heart
rate, constricts respiratory tubes, increases peristalsis, etc.
The parasympathetic peripheral ganglia
are near the organs and have short
postganglionic fibers
CN X (vagus)