Download kabarak university university examinations 2014/2015 academic

KABARAK
UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS
2014/2015 ACADEMIC YEAR
FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN
CLINICAL MEDICINE
CMED 121: HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY
DAY: THURSDAY
DATE: 13/8/2015
TIME: 14:00PM – 16:00PM
STREAM: Y1S2
INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
TIME= 2 HOURS
SECTION 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION (20 MARKS)
1. What type of tissue lines the bladder?
a. Simple squamous epithelium
b. Simple cuboidal epithelium
c. Simple columnar epithelium
d. Stratified squamous epithelium
e. Transitional epithelium
2. What type of tissue lines most ducts?
a. Simple squamous epithelium
b. Simple cuboidal epithelium
c. Simple columnar epithelium
d. Stratified squamous epithelium
e. Transitional epithelium
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3.What type of epithelium is associated with goblet cells?
a. Simple squamous epithelium
b. Simple cuboidal epithelium
c. Simple columnar epithelium
d. Stratified squamous epithelium
e. Pseudostratified epithelium
4. What type of epithelial cells are as tall as they are wide?
a. Simple
b. Stratified
c. Squamous
d. Cuboidal
e. Columnar
5.What do you call the simple squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels?
a. Epithelioid tissue
b. Mesothelium
c. Endothelium
d. Transitional
e. Pseudostratified
6.What are the folds on the inner mitochodrial membrane called?
a. Plasmalemma
b. Glycocalyx
c. Protoplasm
d. Cristae
e. Ground substance
7.Which organelle is involved in lipid metabolism?
a. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
b. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
c. Lysosome
d. Golgi apparatus
e. Mitochondria
8.Which organelle contains detoxifying enzymes?
a. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisome
c. Microfilaments
d. Centrioles
e. Nucleoli
9.Which of the following is NOT a membranous organelle?
a. Microtubules
b. Lysosomes
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c. Peroxisomes
d. Mitochondria
e. Endoplasmic reticulum
10.What is the limiting membrane of a cell?
a. Plasmalemma
b. Glycocalyx
c. Protoplasm
d. Cristae
e. Ground substance
11) In which period of development are most organ systems highly susceptible to injury?
a) Early development
b)Embryonic development
c) First trimester
d) Second trimester
e) Third trimester
12) The correct order for origin and migration of germ cells is:
a) Epiblast to yolk sac to ventral mesentery to genital ridge
b) Epiblast to yolk sac to dorsal mesentery to genital ridge
c) Epiblast to hypoblast to genital ridge
d) Epiblast to mesoderm to genital ridge
e) Epiblast to yolk sac to mesoderm to genital ridge
13) In male gametogenesis, what is the role of Sertoli cells?
a) Form junctional complex
b) Attach to basal lamina
c) Isolate gamete cells
d) Replicate Type A pale spermatogonia
e) Give rise to a population of Type B spermatogonia
14) Where does the process of sperm capacitation take place?
a) Within the testes
b) Within the male urethra
c) Within the female genital tract
d) Within the ovum
e) Within the embryo
15) In what phase to the oogonia become arrested until puberty?
a) Meiosis II metaphase
b) Meiosis II prophase
c) Meiosis I metaphase
d) Meiosis I prophase
e) G-phase
16) Which structure bounds the cells after fertilization as they compact to form the
morula?
a) Zona pellucida
b) Corona radiata
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c) Pronucleus
d) Inner cell mass
e) Outer cell mass
17) As the first week begins, the embryoblast forms. It is called an embryoblast because
of the cavity between the inner cell (embryoblast) and outer cell mass (trophoblast). This
cavity is called the:
a) Antrum
b) Embryonic gap
c) Trophoblastic reticulum
d) Epiblast
e) Blasoceole
18) An ectopic pregnancy would occur if implantation occurred in all of the
following places EXCEPT:
a) Rectum
b) Bladder
c) Uterus
d) Cervix
e) Fallopian tube
19) The cells of the embryoblast form the hypoblast and epiblast, which begin to form the
cavity.
a) Chorionic
b) Antrum
c) Blasoceole
d) Amniotic
e) Epiblastic
20) The two layers of extraembryonic mesoderm are called:
a) Endoderm; Mesoderm
b) Primary; Secondary
c) Somatopleuric; Splanchnopleuric
d) Mesenchyme; Parachyme
e) Epiblast; Hypoblast
21. What is the result of the cortical reaction?
a) The corona radiata forms
b) The zona pellucida forms
c) Sperm can now enter the egg
d) Sperm can no longer enter the egg
e) Acrosomes are removed
22. Which of the following does NOT take place during fertilization?
a) Male pronucleus forms
b) Endometrial implantation occurs
c) Restoration of a diploid genome
d) Determination of genetic sex of the embryo
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e) Cleavage initiated
23. Which structure bounds the cells after fertilization as they compact to form the
morula?
a) Zona pellucida
b) Corona radiata
c) Pronucleus
d) Inner cell mass
e) Outer cell mass
24. As the first week begins, the embryoblast forms. It is called an embryoblast because
of the cavity between the inner cell (embryoblast) and outer cell mass (trophoblast). This
cavity is called the:
a) Antrum
b) Embryonic gap
c) Trophoblastic reticulum
d) Epiblast
e) Blasoceole
25. An ectopic pregnancy would occur if implantation occurred in all of the following
places EXCEPT:
a) Rectum
b) Bladder
c) Uterus
d) Cervix
e) Fallopian tube
26. The cells of the embryoblast form the hypoblast and epiblast, which begin to form the
cavity.
a) Chorionic
b) Antrum
c) Blasoceole
d) Amniotic
e) Epiblastic
27. The two layers of extraembryonic mesoderm are called:
a) Endoderm; Mesoderm
b) Primary; Secondary
c) Somatopleuric; Splanchnopleuric
d) Mesenchyme; Parachyme
e) Epiblast; Hypoblast
28. On day nine, trophoblastic lacunae and maternal sinusoids begin to form around
what cells:
a) Exdoderm
b) Extraembryonic coelom
c) Extraembryonic splanchnopleuric
d) Exocoelomic
e) Syncytiotrophoblast
29. The cells continue to divide from the trophoblast are called:
a) Syncytiotrophoblast
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b) Cytotrophoblast
c) Epiblast
d) Hypoblast
e) Tertiary stem villi
30A patient is being seen due to hypertension and vaginal bleeding, four months into her
pregnancy. High levels of hCG are found but no inner cell mass (embryo) is present.
What is likely her diagnosis?
a) Hydatidiform mole
b) Ectopic pregnancy
c) Placenta previa
d) Placenta abruption
e) Placenta accreta
SECTION 2: WRITE WHETHER TRUE–FALSE QUESTIONS (10 MARKS)
1. All of the cells of simple epithelia are in contact with the basement membrane and
exposed to the surface.
2. Epithelia can function as chemoreceptors.
3. The stratum basale is the mitotically active layer of stratified squamous epithelium.
4. Skeletal muscle fibers are characterized by multiple nuclei and bifurcating (branching)
fibers.
5. Exocrine glands secrete through ducts that always lead to the surface of the skin.
6. The trophoblast becomes a part of the placenta.
7. Within the embryoblast, the slitlike space adjacent to the trophoblast is called the
blastocyst cavity.
8. Endoderm borders the blastocyst cavity.
9. The embryonic period is between the 3rd to 8th weeks of IUL
10. Division of the centromere marks the beginning of Anaphase
SECTION C: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (5 marks each)
1: What changes occur during the maturation of a spermatid into a spermatozoon?
2: List 5 properties of an organism
3: List 5 histological properties of a skeletal muscle
4: List 5 cells of the connective tissue
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5: Name the 3 connective tissues giving examples of where they are located
6; List 5 characteristics of a connective tissue
SECTION D: LONG ESSAY QUESTIONS
1. Discuss the process of spermatogenesis (20 Marks)
2. Namederivatives of each of the 3 germ layers (20 Marks )
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