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Name ____________________ Test Date _______________ 2nd Nine Weeks Review-Science Know o o o o o o properties used to identify minerals and be able to explain them Color-most obvious physical property Crystal Shape- depends on the way the structure is arranged Texture-how smooth or rough it feels Hardness-how it resists scratching Cleavage-the way it breaks Streak-the color of the mark that is left when rubbed against a hard surface o Luster-how it reflects light Be able to read Moh’s scale of hardness Know that a harder mineral will scratch a softer mineral Know the 3 types of rocks and how they form Know that rocks are made of one or more minerals but a mineral consists of the same properties Know that metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and pressure Be able to explain why fossils are found in sedimentary rocks and not in igneous or metamorphic Know that weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation are part of the process of how sedimentary rocks form and where they most often form Know that igneous rock forms when melted rock is pushed up from the mantle into the cool crust and hardens into rock Know that humus comes from weathered rock, a moraine is a ridge or mound formed by deposits from a glacier, and till is sediment deposited by a glacier Know that melted rock that hardens with Earth’s crust is called intrusive rock and it cools slowly resulting in larger crystals Know that extrusive rocks forms when magma flows to the surface and cools quickly resulting in a fine grained crystals Be able to explain why earthworms are good for soil Understand the rock cycle Know that soil is a mixture of rock particles, decayed organic matter/humus, minerals, water, and air. Decomposition replaces minerals in the soil and a graduated cylinder would be used to measure water in soil