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Jupiter By Linsy Wang Symbol • Looks like a 4 • Represents thunder bolt, an eagle, and the letter Zeta (Greek) • Zeta is the Greek letter z, for Zeus Jupiter’s name • Jupiter is Greek for Zeus • King of gods • Ruler of Olympus • The patron of the Roman state Discovery Galileo discovered Jupiter in 1610. He used his rudimentary telescope that he invented, and saw Jupiter’s 4 largest moons orbiting the planet. He discovered that not everything orbits around the earth. Distances • Fifth planet from the sun • Average distance from sun(km): 778,330,000 km • Distances from earth(km): varies from 628,743,036 km to 928,081,020 km Planet Measurements Mass: 1.90x10 kg Volume: 1,431,281,810,739,360 km³ Density: 1.33 g/cm³ Gravity: 24.79 m/s² Will Jupiter sink or float in water? It will sink because it has more density than water. Water’s density: 1,000.00 kg/m³ Jupiter’s density 1.33 g/cm³ Orbit and rotation How long does Jupiter take to orbit around the Sun once? About 12 earth years How long does Jupiter take to rotate on its own axis? About 10 earth hours Atmosphere Jupiter’s atmosphere is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium. Other chemical compounds are found in small amounts of other substances Temperature Jupiter’s temperature range: -128°C (-190°F) Earth’s temperature range: -129°F to 159°F Average temperature in Florida: 21.1°C (70°F) to -13°C (9°F) Composition/appearance • Jupiter is a gas giant. It is mostly made of gas and liquid, and doesn't have a solid surface • It is about 90% hydrogen and 10% helium Weather • Jupiter has lots of storms • There are layers of clouds above Jupiter’s atmosphere • The Great Red Spot is a storm on Jupiter that lasted for hundreds of years Rings • Known as the Rings of Jupiter or the Jovian Ring system • Made of rock fragments • Discovered by Voyager 1 • There are three rings: the Main ring, the Halo ring and the Gossamer ring Moons • Jupiter has at least 63 moons • The four largest moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo in 1610. They are known as the Galilean moons. Water • There is a small amount of water on Jupiter, but they are in Jupiter’s clouds • There are of water and/or ice on some of Jupiter’s moons If humans traveled to Jupiter • Humans would choke because there is no Oxygen • They would freeze to death because Jupiter is very cold Interesting facts • The Great Red Spot is a storm that has been lasting for hundreds of years. It’s even bigger than earth. • If the sun was as tall as a door, Jupiter would be a basketball and earth would be a nickel • Jupiter is the size of a small star