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Exam 2 Review Supplemental Instruction Iowa State University Leader: Matt Course: Biol 211 (1) Instructor: Biederman Date: 09/28/16 1.) The fate of the blastopore distinguishes between Protostomes in which it becomes the___________, and Deuterostomes in which it becomes the___________. A) mouth, coelom B) anus, mouth C) coelom, archenteron D) mouth, anus E) none of the above Follow up: Protostomes vs deuterostomes: spiral protostomes vs radial deuterostomes cleavage Determinate protostomes vs indeterminate deuterostomes 2.) Cephalization is most closely associated with which of the following? A) a sessile existence B) concentration of sensory structures at the anterior end C) a vertebral column D) a predatory lifestyle E) a sedentary lifestyle Follow up: Organism with cephalization also probably has: bilat sym 3.) Which cells in a sponge are primarily responsible for trapping food particles? A) choanocytes B) pore cells C) spicules D) amebocytes E) epidermal cells Follow up: Choanoflag belongs to which group: protists 4.) Cnidarians are characterized by which of the following characters. 1. gatsrovascular cavity /incomplete digestive tract 2. cnidocytes 3. medusa stage 4. polyp stage 5. a pseudocoelom A) 1&4 B) 2&4 C) 1,2,3, & 4 D) 1, 3, & 4 E) All five Follow up: what factors determine whether coral will bleach? Duration of and frequency of heat 1060 Hixson-Lied Student Success Center 515-294-6624 [email protected] http://www.si.iastate.edu 5.) Molluscs include all of the following except A) roundworms B) clams C) octopuses D) snails E) nautilus Follow up: What phylums are lophotrochozoans? Molluscs, Platyhelminthes, annelids, rotifer, lophophorata 6.) Which of the following are characteristics of arthropods? 1. protostome development 2. bilateral symmetry 3. a pseudocoelom 4. three embryonic germ layers 5. a closed circulatory system A) 1 & 2. B) 1, 2, & 4 C) 2&3 D) 2, 3, and 5 E) 3, 4, & 5 7.) Nematodes can shed their exoskeleton. Therefore, they belong to the Ecdysozoa along with which other group? A) Arthropoda B) Oligochaeta C) Dueterostomes D) Chitons Follow up: What makes up the exoskeleton of insects? Chitin 8.) Which of the following descriptions is incorrect A) Echinodermata – bilateral symmetry as larvae, coelom present B) Nematoda – roundworms, pseudocoelomate C) Cnidaria – radial symmetry, polyp and medusa body forms D) Platyhelminthes – flatworms, gastrovascular cavity, acoelomate E) Porifera– gastrovascular cavity, coelom present Follow up: Do sponges have an incomplete digestive system? 9.) Which of the following is a shared characteristic of all chordates? A) scales B) jaws C) vertebrae D) dorsal hollow nerve cord E) a four chambered heart Follow up: What are the four characteristics shared by all chordates? Notochord, pharyngeal slits, postanal tail 10.) Why is the amniotic egg considered such an important evolutionary breakthrough? A) Without amniotic eggs there would be no Denny's B) The shell allows reproduction and incubation of eggs in a terrestrial environment C) It prolongs embryonic development D) It permits internal fertilization to be replaced by external fertilization Follow up: What type of chordate was first to spend significant time on land? Amphibians Transition from Exam 1: How do animals obtain food? How does this similar and different from fungi? Internal digestion vs external digestion How do animals reproduce sexually? Process Meiosis Result 4 genetically distinct haploid daughter cells 2NN Benefit Introduces genetic variability, faster adaptation Classifying animals: What four characteristics do we classify first? 1. Symmetry: none, radial, bilateral 2. Tissue layers: 0, 2, 3 3. Body cavity: 0, A, P, C 4. Blastopore fate: P, D Body Cavity: What is a coelom? Draw the three types below. Coelom: body cavity How many tissues are necessary to have any of these coelom types? 3 Draw the difference between a parasitic flatworm and a free living flatworm. Parasite: pronounced uterus and testes Contrast Metamorphosis: Explain each type Free Living: pronounced digestive system Complete: Different adult and larval forms Incomplete: Same adult/larval forms except for size Pros/cons Nematodes Arthropods Echinoderms Chordates Example Organism Pros: No competition for food or habitat with adults Cons: little parental protection, limited movement Butterfly Pros: No vulnerable stage (cocoon), parental protection, mobility Cons: competition Grasshopper Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Mollusca Annelida Special Things? Classes Digestive Tract (GC, Complete, Other?) Blastopore Fate (P or D?) Body Cavity (0, A, P, or C?) Tissue Layers (0,2, or 3?) Symmetry Example Organism :
