Download PROGRAM ON PHYSICS MECHANICS Kinematics. Mechanical

PROGRAM ON PHYSICS
MECHANICS
Kinematics. Mechanical movement. A movement relativity. Readout system. A material point. A
trajectory. A way and moving. Speed. Acceleration.
Uniform and equal speed rectilinear movement. Free falling of bodies. Acceleration of free falling.
The equation rectilinear equal speed movements.
Curvilinear movement of a point on a movement example on a circle from a constant on the module
in speed.
Centripetal acceleration.
Dynamics bases. Inertia. Newton's first law. Inertial systems of readout.
Interaction of bodies. Weight. An impulse. Force. Newton's second law. A principle of superposition
of forces. A principle of a relativity Galilee.
Forces in the nature. Gravity. The universal gravitation law. Body weight. Weightlessness. The first
space speed. Force of elasticity. The law of Guka. Force of a friction. Friction factor. The sliding
friction law.
Newton's third law.
The force moment. A condition of balance of bodies.
Preservation laws in the mechanic. The law of preservation of an impulse. Rockets.
Mechanical work. Capacity. Kinetic energy. Potential energy. The law of conservation of energy in
the mechanic. Simple mechanisms. Mechanism efficiency.
Mechanics of liquids and gases. Pressure. Atmospheric pressure. Change of atmospheric pressure
with height. The law of Pascal for liquids and gases. Barometers and manometers. Informed vessels.
A principle of the device of a hydraulic press.
Archimedean force for liquids and gases. Conditions of swimming of bodies on a liquid surface.
Liquid movement on pipes. Dependence of pressure of a liquid on speed of its current.
Measurement of distances, time intervals, forces, volume, weight, atmospheric pressure.
THE MOLECULAR PHYSICS. THERMODYNAMICS
Bases of the molekuljarno-kinetic theory. A skilled substantiation of substantive provisions of the
molekuljarno-kinetic theory. Brownian motion. Diffusion. Weight and the size of molecules.
Measurement of speed of molecules. Stern's experience. Quantity of substance. The moth. Constant
Avogadro. Interaction of molecules. Models of gas, a liquid and a firm body.
Thermodynamics bases. Thermal balance. Temperature and its measurement. An absolute
temperature scale. Internal energy. Quantity of warmth. A substance thermal capacity. Work in
thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics. Isothermal, isohor and isobar processes.
Adiabatic process.
Irreversibility of thermal processes. The second law of thermodynamics and its statistical
interpretation. Transformation of energy to thermal engines. EFFICIENCY of the thermal engine.
Ideal gas. Communication between pressure and average kinetic energy of molecules of ideal gas.
Communication of temperature with average kinetic energy of particles of gas.
The equation of Klapejrona-Mendeleeva. A universal gas constant.
Liquids and firm bodies. Evaporation and condensation. Sated and nonsaturated steams. Humidity
of air. Liquid boiling.
Crystal and amorphous bodies. Energy transformation at changes of a modular condition of
substance.
Measurement of pressure of gas, humidity of air, temperatures, substance density.
ELECTRODYNAMICS BASES
Electrostatics. Electrization bodies. The Electric charge. Interaction of charges. An elementary
electric charge. The law of preservation of an electric charge. The Coulomb law.
Electric field. Intensity of electric field. Electric field of a dot charge. Potentiality of an electrostatic
field. A potential difference. A principle of superposition of fields.
Conductors in electric field. Electric capacity. The condenser. Capacity of the flat condenser.
Dielectrics in electric field. Dielectric permeability. Energy of electric field of the flat condenser.
Constant electric current. An electric current. A current strength. Pressure. Carriers of free electric
charges in metals, liquids and gases. Resistance of conductors. The law of the Ohm for a chain site.
Consecutive and parallel connection of conductors. An electromotive power. The law of the Ohm
for a complete chain. Work and capacity of a current. The Joule-disposition to laziness law.
Semiconductors. Own and mixed conductivity of semiconductors, r-r-transition.
Magnetic field. An electromagnetic induction. Interaction of magnets. Interaction of conductors
with a current. A magnetic field. Magnetic field action on electric charges. A magnetic field
induction. Force of Ampere. Lorentz's force. A magnetic stream. The electric motor.
Electromagnetic induction. The law of an electromagnetic induction of Faradeja. A rule the
Disposition to laziness. Vortical electric field. A self-induction. Inductance. Energy of a magnetic
field.
Measurement of a current strength, pressure, resistance of a conductor.
FLUCTUATIONS AND WAVES
Mechanical fluctuations and waves. Harmonious fluctuations. Amplitude, the period and frequency
of fluctuations. Free fluctuations. A mathematical pendulum. The period of fluctuations of a
mathematical pendulum. A spring pendulum. The period of fluctuations of a spring pendulum.
Energy transformation at harmonious fluctuations. The compelled fluctuations. A resonance.
Concept about self-oscillations.
Mechanical waves. Speed of distribution of a wave. Length of a wave. Cross-section and
longitudinal waves. The equation of a harmonious wave.
Sound. Sound waves. Speed of a sound.
Electromagnetic fluctuations and waves. An oscillatory contour. Free electromagnetic fluctuations
in a contour. Energy transformations into an oscillatory contour. Own frequency of fluctuations in a
contour. The compelled electric fluctuations. A variable electric current. The alternating current
generator. Operating values of a current strength and pressure. Active, capacitor and inductive
resistance. A resonance in an electric chain.
The transformer. Manufacture, transfer and consumption of electric energy.
Ideas of the theory of Maksvella. Electromagnetic waves. Speed of distribution of electromagnetic
waves. Properties of electromagnetic waves. Radio communication principles. A scale of
electromagnetic waves.
OPTICS
Light - an electromagnetic wave. Rectilinear distribution, reflection and light refraction. A beam.
Laws of reflection and light refraction. A refraction indicator. Full reflection. A limiting corner of
full reflection. A course of beams in a prism. Construction of images in a flat mirror.
Collecting and disseminating lenses. The formula of a thin lens.
Construction of images in lenses. The camera. An eye. Points. Light interference. Cogherition.
Light diffraction. A diffraction lattice. Light polarization. Horisontal light waves.
Light dispersion.
Measurement of focal length of a collecting lens, indicator of refraction of substance, lengths of a
wave of light.
BASES OF THE SPECIAL THEORY OF THE RELATIVITY
Invariancy of a velocity of light. A principle of a relativity of Einstein. Space and time in the special
theory of a relativity. Weight and energy communication.
THE QUANTUM PHYSICS
Thermal radiation. Planck's constant. A photoeffect. Experiences of Stoletova. Einstein's equation
for a photoeffect.
Hypothesis of Lui де Brojlja. Diffraction электронов. Korpuskuljarno-wave dualism.
Radio-activity. The Alpha - a beta - gamma radiations. Methods of supervision and registration of
particles in the nuclear physics.
-particles. Planetary model of atom. Bohr model of atom
of hydrogen. Spectra. A luminescence.
Lasers.
The law of radioactive disintegration. Nucleon model of a kernel. A kernel charge. Mass number of
a kernel. Energy of communication of particles in a kernel. Division of kernels. Synthesis of
kernels. Nuclear reactions. Preservation of a charge and mass number at nuclear reactions. Energy
allocation at division and synthesis of kernels. Nuclear energy use. Dosimetry.
Elementary particles. Fundamental interactions.
METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE AND PHYSICAL PICTURE OF THE WORLD
Experiment and the theory in the course of world knowledge. Modeling of the phenomena and
objects of the nature. Scientific hypotheses. Physical laws and borders of their applicability. A
mathematics role in the physicist. A conformity principle. A causality principle. A physical picture
of the world.