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S&T in South Africa – 2005
SA-Norway w/shop
Dhesigen Naidoo
DDG International
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Historical Perspective
Pres Mandela’s government inherited an
isolationist S&T system.
The post-1994 goals of SA S&T were :
! addressing economic growth,
! improving the quality of life of all,
! broadening capacity base and to
! becoming a significant international
player in S&T
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National R&D strategy: challenges
Small S&T base
Wealth creation in modern economies is
dependent on innovation, research and
development
Need for investment and partnership
3
Wealth
Creation
Quality of Life
SET Human
Capital
Technical progress
(Improvement and
Innovation)
Business
Performance
Imported Knowhow
Future R&D
Capacity
Current R&D
Capacity
R & D Strategy framework
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Pillars of a STRS
Achieving mastery of technological
change in our economy and society
(Innovation)
Increasing investment in the
Science base (Human Capital and
Transformation)
Strengthening the government S&T
system (Alignment and Delivery)
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OVERSEAS TECHNOLOGY SOURCES
Research
Development
Production
Local Industry &
Local
Industrial Products
KnowledgeInnovation “Chasm”
Research
Development
Manufacturing
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DST GOALS and Objectives
•
•
•
•
•
•
Implementing the new S&T strategic management model;
Ensure that the NSI addresses national growth and
development goals in both the first and second economy
Develop and maintain a highly competent and representative
cohort of scientists in South Africa;
Ensuring that South Africa has world class scientific
infrastructure in place
Administer an optimal set of funding instruments, and
Respond creatively to global and continental challenges
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DST Key Deliverables
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•
•
•
Strong innovation chains in biotechnology,
nanotechnology, the hydrogen economy,
space science, information technology and
manufacturing
Technologies to address poverty
Careers for young people careers in SET
SA as preferred S&T destination
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S&T Strategic Management Model
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•
•
Large scale, broad scope new technology platforms and
challenges (e.g. space science, nanotechnology, the
hydrogen economy etc) - type I capacity. Cross-cutting.
Sector-focused relatively mature research domains (mining,
medicine, water etc) - type II capacity. Sector-specific.
Routine technology based services (e.g. marine resource
estimation, standards writing, geological surveying,
forensics etc)- type III capacity. Technology services
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Director
General
DST
GE: ‘Frontier
Science and
Technology’
GE: Intergov.
Programmes
GE:
International
Expert scientific
services
(Structured under
a GE and GM)
GE: Corp.
Services
CD: Minister’s office
CD: New programs
and cross cutting
institutions and
agencies
CD: Human capital
CD: Departments A –
Economic ++, Local
Innovation and
Development
CD: Departments B
– Social and others
CD: International
co-operation
CD: International
resources
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Specific expertise:
ICT
Biotechnology
Space Science
Energy
Manufacturing
Nanotechnology
Poverty reduction
Indigenous knowledge
Indicators
Etc etc
D: Deputy Minister
office
D: Office of DG
CD: HR
CD: Finance
CD: Comm
D: Performance audit
CD: R&D plans of all
departments,
Sector institutions
and agencies
Attaché's
D: Governance
D: IT
D: Legal service
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President
and
Cabinet
Minister
Dep Min
DG/CEO
Frontier Sc
IGP
International
SciTes
Corporate
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President
and
Cabinet
PC
S&T
Minister
Dep Min
Parliament
DG/CEO
Frontier Sc
IGP
International
SciTes
Corporate
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Public
Labs
SA R&D
Landscape
Science
Councils
DST
Public
Pvt
Pvt
Pvt
Labs
Pvt
Labs
Labs
Labs
HEIs
Private
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Sw eden
Finland
Japan
Sw itzerland (1996)
United States
Korea
Germany
Iceland
OECD
France
Denmark
Netherlands (1998)
United Kingdom
EU
Belgium (1997)
Austria
Norw ay
Canada
Australia (1998)
Ireland (1997)
Czech Republic
New Zealand (1997)
Italy
Spain
South Africa
Poland
Slovak Republic
Hungary
Portugal (1997)
Greece (1997)
Turkey (1997)
Mexico
*
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Source: OECD
4
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5,000,000
0.20%
0.18%
4,000,000
0.16%
0.14%
3,000,000
0.12%
0.10%
2,000,000
0.08%
0.06%
1,000,000
0.04%
0.02%
0
0.00%
2000/01
2001/02
2002/03
2003/04
2004/05
Science Councils
Science Councils + DST
Science Councils %GDP
Science Vote %GDP
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7.0
7
7.2
6
6.4
3
4
5
5.0
1.9
2
2.0
1
1.0
0
Number of Researchers per 1000
Employed
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Number of Full Time Equivalent [FET] Researchers
per 1000 Total Employed in 2001
Australia
Malaysia
South Korea
Spain
Argentina
South Africa
China
*South Africa is too low to permit sustained contributions in the global economy
Source: 2001 R&D Survey
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 Engineering disciplines are poorly represented in SA institutions
and without high impact research
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Finland
Sweden
Britain
Singapore
Japan
20
15
10
5
0
Engineers per 1000 workers
Australia
US
South Korea
SA - 1990
SA - 2002
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Summary
Focus: The “Innovation Chasm”
Build innovation capacity in key
technology missions for competitiveness
and development
Enhance sub-regional and regional
initiatives
Act locally ->globally
Enhance multilateralism as international
instrument of choice for positive global
change
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A new Strategic S&T Management Approach for SA
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DST provides a core service to Government and the nation
by managing the entire portfolio of type I activity, whether in
government laboratories or universities.
DST ensures a common governance framework and KPIs,
system indicators and records government S&T budget.
Line departments assume primary responsibility for type II
activity with DST partnership.
Line departments have full responsibility for type III
activities.
Votes will be restructured over an agreed period to reflect
the classification described above.
An integrating S&T System Act to provide a mandate.
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