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SNS COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution)
Approved by AICTE and Affiliated to Anna University
Accredited By NBA-AICTE & NAAC with ‘ A ’ Grade
Sathy Main Road (NH 407), Vazhiyampalayam Pirivu, Coimbatore-35
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
EI 305-BIO MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
SIXTH SEMESTER (2015-16)
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
UNIT-I FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
1. Each cell consists of a centrally located
a) Nucleus
b) Nucleolus
c) Organelles
d) Proteins
Ans (a)
2. Each nucleus is surrounded by the
a) Nucleolus
b) Electrolytes
c) Cytoplasm
d) Lipids
Ans (c)
3. Concentration of water in each cell is between
a) 75-85%
b) 60-75%
c) 70-80%
d) 70-85%
Ans (d)
4. The ___________ provide inorganic chemicals for cellular reaction
a) Electrolytes
b) Proteins
c) Lipids
d) Cytoplasm
Ans (a)
5. ____________constitutes 10-20 percent of the cell mass
a) Proteins
b) Lipids
c) Electrolytes
d) Cytoplasm
Ans (a)
6. _____________________ are used to provide the contractile mechanism of muscles
a) Structural proteins
b) Lipids
c) Globular proteins
d) Cytoplasm
Ans (a)
7. Which of the following is called as cell core?
a) Proteins
b) Nucleus
c) Lipids
d) Cytoplasm
Ans (b)
9. Which of the following is called as cell body?
a) Proteins
b) Nucleus
c) Lipids
d) Cytoplasm
Ans (d)
10. Lipids are _______ in fat solvents and ___________ in water
a) Soluble, insoluble
b) Soluble , soluble
c) Insoluble , insoluble
d) Insoluble , soluble
Ans (a)
11.___________play a major role in nutrition of the cell
a) Carbohydrates
b) Mitochondria
c) Proteins
d) Lipids
Ans (a)
12. The cell also contains highly organized physical structure called _________
a) Organelles
b) Ribosomes
c) Cytosol
d) Mitochondria
Ans (a)
13. The clear fluid portion of the cytoplasm is called as _________
a) Organelles
b) Ribosomes
c) Cytosol
d) Mitochondria
Ans (c)
14.________________ are minute granular particles in cytosol
a) Organelles
b) Ribosomes
c) Lipids
d) Proteins
Ans (b)
15. Ribosomes are composed mixture of
a) RNA and proteins
b) RNA and Lipids
c) RNA and glucose
d) RNA and electrolytes
Ans (a)
16._______________allows the cell to digest thereby removing unwanted substances
a) Ribosomes
b) Lysosomes
c) Mitochondria
d) Carbohydrates
Ans (b)
17. —————- is called as power houses of the cell
a) RNA
b) Lysosome
c) Mitochondria
d) Ribosome
Ans (c)
18. The mitochondria contains _____________ similar to that found in nucleus
a) DNA
b)RNA
c) mitochondria
d) Lysosomes
Ans (a)
19._________________ is called as control center of the cell
a) Genes
b) RNA
c) Mitochondria
d) DNA
Ans (d)
20._____________ contains large quantities of RNA
a) Ribosomes
b) Nucleus
c) Lysosomes
d) Mitochondria
Ans (b)
21. Each cell splits by a special process called
a) Drift
b) Diffusion
c) Mitosis
d) Acidosis
Ans (a)
22. The cell size is determined by the amount of ______________
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) Mitochondria
d) Genes
Ans (a)
23. The size of the cell is in the range of
a) 5-15 ?m
b) 5-10 ?m
c) 0.5-1 ?m
d) 5-7 ?m
Ans (b)
24. The extra cellular fluid contains large quantities of ___________ and small amount of
___________
a) Sodium, pottassium
b) Calcium, pottassium
c) Sodium, calcium
d) Potassium, sodium
Ans (a)
25. The intracellular fluid contains large quantities of ___________ and small amount of
___________
a) Sodium, potassium
b) Calcium, potassium
c) Sodium, calcium
d) Potassium, sodium
Ans (d)
26. The positive potential of the cell membrane during excitation is
a) Action potential
b) Drift potential
c) Diffusion potential
d) Passive potential
Ans (a)
27. In case of primary active transport, the energy is derived directly from the breakdown of
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) Mitochondria
d) ATP
Ans (d)
28._____________________ is an example of primary active transport mechanism
a) Sodium potassium pump
b) Sodium calcium pump
c) Sodium phosphates pump
d) Calcium pottassium pump
Ans (b)
29. What type of electrodes is more often employed in EMG work?
a) Needle electrodes
b) Surface electrodes
c) Floating electrodes
d) Limb electrodes
Ans (a)
30. A ————– needle electrode contains both active reference electrode with in the same
structure
a) Earth ring
b) Hypodermic
c) Paddle
d) Concentric core
Ans (d)
31. Which of the following statements about the ECG are true?
Please select all that apply.
a) The P wave of the ECG reflects atrial contraction
b) The P-Q interval is normally about 0.1 s.
c) The QRS complex reflects the start of ventricular depolarization.
d) The peak amplitude of the R wave recorded by the limb leads is about 10 mV.
e) The T-wave reflects the repolarization of the ventricular fibres.
Ans : b) c) e)
32.Which of the following statements regarding arrhythmias are correct?
Please select all that apply.
a) First degree heart block gives rise to an abnormally long PR interval.
b) Third degree heart block is indicated by an abnormally long QRS complex following the P
wave
c) An ECG with a sawtooth pattern on the baseline indicates atrial fibrillation.
d) In second degree heart block some P waves are not followed by a QRS complex.
Ans : a) d)
33. Which of the following statements about the ECG are true?
Please select all that apply.
a) The Q-T interval varies with heart rate
b) In hyperkalaemia the T wave is flattened.
c) The U wave is more often seen when the heart rate is low.
d) A long QT interval is characteristic of hypocalcaemia.
e) Left axis deviation occurs in left ventricular hypertrophy.
Ans : a) c) d)
34. Match the following abnormal features of an ECG to the disorders given in the drop-down
list.
a) Sawtooth pattern on baseline - atrial flutter
b) Prolonged P-R interval - first degree heart block
c) Abnormally broad QRS complex following a P wave - bundle branch block
d) Some P waves are not followed by a QRS complex (Mobitz type II) - second degree heart
block
e) Abnormally broad QRS complex not associated with P wave - third degree heart block
f) No P waves but an irregular baseline - atrial fibrillation
Ans: a) b)
35. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) is correct?
a) White matter contains many nerve cell bodies
b) The myelin sheaths are formed by Schwann cells
c) There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves
Ans : There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves
36. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) are correct?
Please select all that apply
a) White matter is arranged in bundles known as nerve trunks
b) Microglia are scattered throughout the grey and white matter
c) Each oligodendrocyte forms the myelin of sheath of a number of different axons
Ans : b) c)
37. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) are correct?
Please select all that apply
a) The capillaries of the brain are covered by the end feet of oligodendrocytes
b) The extracellular fluid surrounding nerve cells is insulated from changes in the composition of
the plasma.
c) The cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is an ultrafiltrate of plasma
d) The csf is secreted by the choroid plexuses of the cerebral ventricles
Ans : b) d)
38. Which of the following statements about the nervous system are true?
Please select all that apply
a) Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into two lobes.
b) Each spinal segment gives rise to four spinal nerves.
c) The dorsal root ganglia contain the cell bodies of the primary sensory neurons
d) The white and grey matter of the spinal cord is arranged in the same way as that of the
cerebral hemispheres.
e) Grey matter contains the cell bodies and dendrites of neurons.
Ans : c) e)
39.Polar molecules pass freely though the plasma membrane.
a) True
b) False
Ans: False
40. Lysosomes are the site of protein synthesis in cells
a) True
b) False
Ans: False
41. Fatty acids can be broken down in the absence of oxygen to produce ATP.
a) True
b) False
Ans: False
42. Carbohydrates can be broken down in the absence of oxygen to produce ATP.
a) True
b) False
Ans: True
43. Glucose can be synthesized from most amino acids.
a) True
b) False
Ans: True
44. Of the various foodstuffs, fats provide the richest source of energy on a weight for weight
basis.
a) True
b) False
Ans: ) True
45. Match the descriptions below to the terms listed in the right hand column.
a) Surrounds the cell - Plasma membrane
b) The site of protein synthesis - Ribosome’s
c) The organelles responsible for ATP synthesis – mitochondria
d) Contains the bulk of a cell's DNA - Nucleus
46. Match the descriptions of cell division below to the terms listed in the right hand column.
a) Cell division in which the number of chromosomes is halved - Meiosis
b) The process in which the cytoplasm is divided between the daughter cells - Cytokinesis
c) The process in which the chromosomes first become clearly defined during cell division Prophase
d) Cell division in which the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the
parent cell – Mitosis
47. A cell with a large, pale nucleus
a) Is unhealthy and about to die
b) Is in a resting condition
c) Is involved in wholesale gene transcription
d) Is about to divide
Ans : Is involved in wholesale gene transcription
48. During mitosis, anaphase is associated with
a) A halving of the chromosome number
b) The dispersion of the nuclear membrane
c) The separation of the sister chromatids to form the chromosomes
d) The disappearance of the mitotic spindle
Ans: The separation of the sister chromatids to form the chromosomes
49. Which one of the following statements about epithelia is correct?
a) Are composed of cells interspersed with collagen fibres
b) Line the joints
c) Always have a single cell layer
d) Functionally separate contiguous compartments
Ans: Functionally separate contiguous compartments
50. Tissues are aggregates of the same type of cell.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
51. The endocrine system uses electrical signals to allow communication
a) True
b) False
Ans: False
52. Organelles carry out specific tasks within the body systems.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
53. The liver is part of the digestive system.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
54. The lungs are part of the cardiovascular system.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
55. A person who is supine is lying face up
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
56. A midline sagittal section of the body will pass through the umbilicus
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
57. The heart is located in the thoracic cavity
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
58. The spinal cavity is dorsal to the abdominal cavity
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
59. The epigastric cavity is inferior to the hypogastric cavity
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
60. Most physiological variables are regulated by positive feedback.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
61. Plasma glucose concentration is controlled by negative feedback and feed forward
homeostatic loops
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
62. Effectors detect changes in physiological variables
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
63. Starch is the body's main store of carbohydrate.
a) True
b) False
Ans : )False
64. Sucrose is an example of a monosaccharide.
a) True
b) False
Ans: False
65. Glycoproteins are combinations of carbohydrates and proteins that are important structural
components of connective tissues.
a) True
b) False
Ans: True
66.Lipids are the body's major reserve of energy.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
67. Palmitic acid an essential fatty acid.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
68.Carbohydrates are broken down to provide energy for cellular reactions.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
69.Cholesterol is a precursor for the synthesis of oestrogens.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
70. Proteins are made from many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
71. A tripeptide is made from three amino acids linked together by two peptide bonds.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
72. All proteins are freely soluble in water.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
73. Enzymes are proteins that catalyse the chemical reactions of cells.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
74. RNA contains ribose, which is a monosaccharide with five carbons.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
75. DNA and RNA are built from the same bases but are combined with different sugars.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
76. Some nucleotides can act as coenzymes in cellular metabolism.
a) True
b) False
Ans : True
77. RNA only differs from DNA in having a single polynucleotide chain.
a) True
b) False
Ans : False
78. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) is correct?
a) White matter contains many nerve cell bodies
b) The myelin sheaths are formed by Schwann cells
c) There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves
Ans : There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves
79. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) are correct?
Please select all that apply
a) White matter is arranged in bundles known as nerve trunks
b) Microglia are scattered throughout the grey and white matter
c) Each oligodendrocyte forms the myelin of sheath of a number of different axons
Ans : Microglia are scattered throughout the grey and white matter
80. Which of the following statements about the central nervous system (CNS) are correct?
Please select all that apply
a) The capillaries of the brain are covered by the end feet of oligodendrocytes
b) The extracellular fluid surrounding nerve cells is insulated from changes in the composition of
the plasma.
c) The cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is an ultrafiltrate of plasma
d) The csf is secreted by the choroid plexuses of the cerebral ventricles
Ans : b) d)
81. Which of the following statements about the nervous system are true?
Please select all that apply
a) Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into two lobes.
b) Each spinal segment gives rise to four spinal nerves.
c) The dorsal root ganglia contain the cell bodies of the primary sensory neurons
d) The white and grey matter of the spinal cord is arranged in the same way as that of the
cerebral hemispheres.
e) Grey matter contains the cell bodies and dendrites of neurons.
Ans : c) e)
82.In a man undergoing surgery, it was necessary to aspirate the contents of the upper gastrointestinal tract. After surgery, the following values were obtained from an arterial blood sample:
pH 7.55, PCO2 52 mm Hg and HCO3- 40 mmol/l. What is the underlying disorder?
a) Metabolic acidosis
b) Respiratory alkalosis
c) Metabolic alkalosis
d) Respiratory acidosis
Ans : Metabolic alkalosis
83. A person was admitted to hospital in a coma. Analysis of the arterial blood gave the
following values: PCO2 16 mm Hg, HCO3- 5 mmol/l and pH 7.1. What is the underlying acidbase disorder?
a) Metabolic acidosis
b) Respiratory alkalosis
c) Metabolic alkalosis
d) Respiratory acidosis
Ans: Metabolic acidosis
84. A climber attempts an assault on a high mountain in the Andes and reaches an altitude of
5000 meters (16,400 ft) above sea level. What will happen to his arterial PCO2 and pH?
a) Both will be lower than normal.
b) The pH will rise and PCO2 will fall.
c) Both will be higher than normal due to the physical exertion.
d) The pH will fall and PCO2 will rise
Ans: The pH will rise and PCO2 will fall.
85. In acid base balance the normal plasma PCO2 and bicarbonate levels are disturbed. Match
the changes in these parameters given below with the disorders in the drop down list
Low plasma PCO2 -Respiratory alkalosis
High plasma PCO2 -Respiratory acidosis
Decreased plasma bicarbonate (HCO3-) -Metabolic acidosis
Increased plasma bicarbonate HCO3- -Metabolic alkalosis
86. Match the acid-base status of the following blood samples to the disorders in the drop down
list. (PaCO2 values are in mm Hg and bicarbonate values in mmol/l).
pH 7.5, PaCO2 50, HCO3- 35 -Metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation
pH 7.6, PaCO2 18, HCO3- 20 -Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
pH 7.2, PaCO2 60, HCO3- 22 -Mixed respiratory and metabolic acidosis
pH 7.4, PaCO2 58, HCO3- 33 -Fully compensated respiratory acidosis
pH 7.54, PaCO2 30, HCO3- 23 -Mixed metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
pH 7.4, PaCO2 25, HCO3- 16 -Fully compensated respiratory alkalosis
pH 7.25, PaCO2 40, HCO3- 16 -Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
87. Diastole refers to the
a) Maximum blood pressure
b) Minimum blood pressure
c) Maximum blood flow
d) Minimum blood flow.
Ans: Minimum blood pressure
88. The velocity range of Purkinje fibre is
a) 50-60 m/s
b) 2-4 m/s
c) 10-20 m/s
d) 0.5-0.6 m/s.
Ans: 2-4 m/s
89. The node where pacemaker cells are there known as
a) AV node
b) SA node
c) cathode
d) anode.
Ans: SA node
90.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Which of the following modalities does not use a form of ionizing radiation:
Radiography.
Computed tomography.
Sonography.
Positron emission tomography.
Magnetic resonance imaging
Ans : Positron emission tomography.
91. Increasing the blurring in a medical imaging system will:
a. Reduce contrast of small objects.
b. Reduce resolution.
c. Reduce noise.
d. Reduce artifacts.
Ans: a) b) c)
92. Imaging systems are often evaluated by measuring their resolution (line pairs/mm).
Resolution is a characteristic which is directly related to:
a. Image noise.
b. Image blurring.
c. Image unsharpness.
d. Visibility of anatomical detail.
Ans: b) c) d)
93. Image noise will generally be increased by:
a. Blurring the image.
b. Increasing image contrast.
c. Averaging several images together.
d. Subtracting one image from another.
Ans: b) d)
94. The order of imaging methods (from worst to best) with respect to visibility of detail
(resolution) is:
a. Gamma camera, fluoroscopy, CT.
b. Ultrasound, fluoroscopy, radiography.
c. Gamma camera, fluoroscopy, MRI.
d. Radiography, fluoroscopy, MRI.
Ans: Ultrasound, fluoroscopy, radiography.
95. The spatial resolution of an imaging system is most directly related to:
a. Visibility of large low contrast objects.
b. Visibility of noisy images.
c. Visibility of soft tissues.
d. Visibility of anatomical detail.
Ans: Visibility of anatomical detail.
96. If the level of CO2 in the blood drops too low,
a. Acid hemoglobin formation is favoured
b. ventilation increases
c. breathing increases
d.HCO3- combines with H+ to form carbonic acid which dissociates to form CO2 and water.
Ans: HCO3- combines with H+ to form carbonic acid which dissociates to form CO2 and water.
97. Which of the following results in increased ventilation or increased respiration rate?
a) increase in PCO2 of blood
b)decrease in PCO2 of blood
c)increase in concentration of the blood
d)all of the above
Ans: increase in PCO2 of blood
98. What are the 2 main nerve cells in the cortex
a)Stellate cells
b)Pyramidal ells and stellate cells
c)Schwann cells
d)Satellite cells
Ans : Pyramidal ells and stellate cells