Download 2. Which of the muscles listed in this lab have at least one part that

2. Which of the muscles listed in this lab have at least one part that crosses and therefore
works on more than one joint?
The hamstrings are one of the most well known examples of a muscle group that crosses over
more than one joint. The hamstrings cross over the hip and the knee giving it multiple functions
and titling it a two-jointed muscle.
3. What are the main ways in which muscles get their names?
Muscles are given their names for multiple reasons, and these reasons become apparent when
studying them. A muscle can be named based on its location in the body (sternocleidomastoid),
the points it attaches to (tibialis), the shape that it has (rhomboid), or even its bodily function
(forearm extensors).
4. Why might it be important to understand the function of various muscles before beginning
a weight-training program?
Understanding the functions of various muscles is important because it allows you to be more
knowledgeable about exercises and how to do them properly to maximize efficiency.
Understanding these functions will also help the individual avoid any unnecessary injuries.
Lastly, the knowledge can even allow the individual to come up with his/her own exercises prior
to working out because they know what movements will work out the muscle of their interest.
5. Why might using dumbbells be more effective in training your entire body than using
machines?
Machines are designed to work out specific muscles and have very specific movements involved
whereas dumbbells are more open in terms of not following an exact motion. This means that
dumbbell workouts would work out more muscles at once. Also, there is a huge variety of
workouts that can be done using dumbbells whereas you would need a different machine to do
almost every different workout.
6. What type(s) of exercise / resistance training would you suggest if a friend asked you how
to increase the strength in their deltoid muscle?
There are multiple ways to strengthen the deltoid muscle, but some workouts I would suggest
are arm circles (using dumbbells), shoulder press, upright row, and shoulder shrugs. My
suggestions would depend based on the equipment that this friend has access to, whether it be
machinery, dumbbells, or none.
7. Which muscle group(s) would be primarily responsible for the following movements in
sport?
a. Punching a heavy bag
Pectoralis (major and minor), biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and brachioradialis
b. Shooting a free throw
Triceps brachii, trapezius, deltoid, brachioradialis, biceps brachii, and pectoralis (major and
minor)
c. Kicking a soccer ball
Hamstrings (Semitendinosis, semimembranosus, biceps femoris), quadriceps (rectus femoris,
vastus lateralis, vastus medialis), tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, gluteus maximus...
d. Performing a chin up
biceps brachii, deltoid, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, brachioradialis, pectoralis (major and
minor)...
8. On each image, correctly identify the muscles that are most prominent/visible through the
ski n. Once muscles have been identified, explain why they are so prominent during the
activity being performed (i.e. what is the function of the identified muscle?).
First image:
Biceps brachii: pumping of the arms
Deltoid: involved in the pumping of the arms
Triceps brachii: involved in the pumping of the arms
Brachioradialis: involved in the pumping of the arms
Trapezius: involved in pumping of the arms
Latissimus dorsi: stability of the torso and gives power to the upper body
Quadriceps: most responsible for lifting the legs while running and aids in pushing off the
ground
Forearm extensors: involved in pumping of the arms
Tibialis Anterior: partially responsible for pushing of the ground
Second image:
Deltoid: responsible for the movement of the arm to quickly jerk forward
Triceps brachii: extends the arm at the elbow for full power in the throw
Latissimus Dorsi: aids in momentum of the body pushing the ball all together
Trapezius : Responsible for moving the full shoulder forward for as much forward extension as
possible
Brachioradialis: aids in the full extension of the arm
Forearm extensors: Extends the hands to push the ball forward