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Denise Zami Biology May 6, 2017 Endocrine System – Hormones secreted by endocrine glands Hormones – specialized chemicals produced in one part of the body, which have an effect on anther part of the body – transported through blood only Endocrine glands = ductless glands Antagonistic substances – substances that work in opposition to each other 1) Thyroid – a) Thyroxin Regulates metabolic rate Influences growth Influences mental development in children Controls metamorphosis – change in shape or form from the juvenile to the adult stage b) Thyrocalcitonin – lowers blood calcium levels 2) Parathyroid – Parathormone – elevates blood calcium levels 3) Pancreas – Islets of Langerhans a) Insulin – reduces blood glucose by converting the excess into glycogen in the liver b) Glucagons – raises blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen from the liver 4) Adrenals – kidney I. Cortex – covering – outside a) Cortisone – anti-inflammatory agent b) Aldosterone – regulates salt level in the blood and is transported to the kidney II. Medulla – Adrenalin – epinephrine – emergency hormone Increases blood glucose levels Increases heart beat Increases respiration “Flight or fight” reaction – how you react to an emergency 5) Testes – testosterone – male secondary sex characteristics Growth of body hair Deepening of the voice Muscular development Ability to reproduce 6) Ovaries – a) Estrogen – female secondary sex characteristics Growth of body hair Ability to reproduce Breast development Widening of hips b) Progesterone – Functions in the menstrual cycle Denise Zami Biology May 6, 2017 Maintains pregnancy 7) Pituitary a) TSH – Thyroid Stimulating Hormone b) FSH – Follicle Stimulating Hormone –involved on reproduction c) LH – Lutianizing Hormone – involved in reproduction d) ACTH – AdrenoCorticoTropic Hormone – hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex e) GH – Growth Hormone – height f) ADH – Anti-Diuretic Hormone – (helps retain water) regulates H2O absorption in the nephron g) Oxytocin – responsible for uterine contractions – males do not have this hormone